Can Waves Reveal the Properties of Their Medium?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the properties of waves and what they can reveal about the media through which they travel. Participants explore various types of waves, including electromagnetic and mechanical waves, and consider how these waves might carry information about their mediums, such as density variations in space or characteristics of materials like water and air.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants propose that waves may have a "memory" of the media they have traversed, particularly in the context of gravity waves and varying densities in space.
  • Others argue that much of our understanding of matter's properties comes from investigating it with electromagnetic waves, citing historical examples like X-ray crystallography.
  • One participant highlights the role of acoustics in measuring and understanding physical media, mentioning sonar and echo-location as methods to gather information about conditions in different environments.
  • Another point raised discusses the importance of wave characteristics such as velocity of propagation, impedance, and absorption, particularly in applications like seismography and medical imaging techniques.
  • A participant offers to assist with understanding wave propagation concepts and inquires about the original poster's background in mathematics, suggesting that calculus may be beneficial for deeper comprehension.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express a range of views on how waves can inform us about their mediums, with no consensus reached on the extent or nature of this information. The discussion includes both supportive and contrasting perspectives on the capabilities of different types of waves.

Contextual Notes

Some limitations in the discussion include the need for further clarification on specific wave properties and the mathematical frameworks involved. There is also an implicit assumption that the reader has a foundational understanding of wave mechanics, which may not be universally applicable.

Boballoo
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TL;DR
What can we tell about the medium a wave has traveled through?
Summary: What can we tell about the medium a wave has traveled through?

What can a wave tell us about the media, whether it is space, water, air or whatever, that it has passed through? Does it have some "memory" or hint of what it has previously passed through? I am thinking mostly of different densities in space that a wave such as a gravity wave, has traveled through. Can we sort the waves out somehow like we can with light?
 
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Well, nearly everything we know about the properties of matter we know from investigating it with electromagnetic waves of different wavelengths. E.g. with X rays for the first time the crystal-lattice structure of solids has been demonstrated in 1912 by Max von Laue (Nobel prize 1914).
 
The science of acoustics provides methods to measure and understand the physical media through which mechanical waves travel. Sonar analyses objects and conditions in water. Echo-location provides information for bats in air and cetaceans in water and air.

As stated above RADAR and similar electromagnetic technology provides a wealth of information about conditions and objects subject to electromagnetic fields.
 
Essential to seismography and tomography (MRIs & CAT scans for example); even simple xrays. You could look those up. To first order the characteristics of the medium are velocity of propagation, the impedance of the material, and loss (absorption). When waves cross a boundary between different materials (different impedances) they can reflect (all or partially). This can be analyzed by many different techniques.
 
Last edited:
Welcome to the PF. :smile:
Boballoo said:
What can a wave tell us about the media, whether it is space, water, air or whatever, that it has passed through?
Waves, Optics and EM propagation are fascinating subjects. What is your background in math so far? It is easier to describe the Wave Equation and related topics and wave propagation in various media if you are comfortable with calculus. If you haven't studied calculus yet, that's okay, we can try to help you get an intuitive understanding of how waves propagate through media and across the boundaries between media.

Do these links help?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave_equation
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave_propagation
 

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