High School Carbon-14 to Nitrogen-14 Decay: Proton Gain & No Electron Loss

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Carbon-14 decays into Nitrogen-14 by a neutron transforming into a proton and emitting a beta particle, which is a high-energy electron. This process results in Nitrogen-14 having 7 protons and 7 neutrons, but initially only 6 electrons. The missing electron creates an ionized state for the nitrogen atom. To stabilize, Nitrogen-14 will capture an electron from a nearby atom. Understanding this decay process clarifies the electron dynamics involved in the transformation.
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How Carbon-14 effectively gains a proton but no electrons when decaying to Nitrogen-14...?
 
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When one of the carbon's neutrons decays into a proton and a high-energy electron that is emitted as a beta particle, that leaves a nitrogen atom of 7 protons, 7 neutrons and 6 electrons by my reckoning. Where does the 7th electron come from? All answers will be gratefully received. Thanks!
 
The decay of 14C leaves 14N in an ionized state, that is, lacking an electron. It'll grab an electron from a nearby atom.
 
I do not have a good working knowledge of physics yet. I tried to piece this together but after researching this, I couldn’t figure out the correct laws of physics to combine to develop a formula to answer this question. Ex. 1 - A moving object impacts a static object at a constant velocity. Ex. 2 - A moving object impacts a static object at the same velocity but is accelerating at the moment of impact. Assuming the mass of the objects is the same and the velocity at the moment of impact...

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