SUMMARY
The element with the highest second ionization energy (IE2) among the given options is potassium (K). This conclusion is based on the periodic trends where ionization energy increases across a period and decreases down a group. After the first ionization, potassium achieves the electron configuration of argon, resulting in increased stability and a higher IE2. In contrast, elements like beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and aluminum (Al) have outer shell electron configurations that allow for easier ionization, leading to lower IE2 values.
PREREQUISITES
- Understanding of periodic table trends
- Knowledge of ionization energy concepts
- Familiarity with electron configurations
- Basic chemistry principles regarding stability of elements
NEXT STEPS
- Study periodic trends in ionization energy
- Learn about electron configurations and their impact on stability
- Research exceptions to general trends in ionization energy
- Explore the concept of effective nuclear charge and its effect on ionization energy
USEFUL FOR
Chemistry students, educators, and anyone interested in understanding ionization energy trends and periodic table behavior.