Clebsch-Gordan coefficients and their sign

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the Clebsch-Gordan coefficients related to the combination of two isospins, specifically ##|\textbf{1/2}, +1/2>## and ##|\textbf{1/2}, -1/2>##. It highlights that the order of these states affects the sign of the resulting coefficients, leading to different combinations for total spin states ##S=0## and ##S=1##. The coefficients differ by a sign due to the antisymmetry of the states when combined in different orders. The discussion emphasizes the importance of correctly applying the Clebsch-Gordan table and the associated footnote regarding the square root of coefficients.

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Different sign in the combination of two ##\textbf{1/2}## isospins with opposite third component
Summary: Different sign in the combination of two ##\textbf{1/2}## isospins with opposite third component

Hello everybody!
I was doing an exercise regarding isospin and I noticed something from the Clebsch-Gordan coefficients that made me think.
For example, if I consider the combination between the two angular momenta ##|\textbf{1/2}, +1/2>## and ##|\textbf{1/2}, -1/2>##, in the Clebsch-Gordan table there are two possibilities. One in which ##I_z=+1/2## is put first and the second in which ##I_z=+1/2## is put after. I have attached the table and I have highlighted what I am saying inside a red circle.
The two combinations gives different coefficients, just for a sign.
My question is: what is the difference between combining ##|\textbf{1/2}, +1/2>## ##|\textbf{1/2}, -1/2>## and ##|\textbf{1/2}, -1/2>## ##|\textbf{1/2}, +1/2>##? Should not they be equal? From what comes the minus sign?
Thank you in advance!
 

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There are two states with ##\Sigma_z=0##. One is for ##S=0##:
$$|S=0,\Sigma_z=0 \rangle=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} (|1/2,1/2 \rangle \otimes |1/2,-1/2 \rangle - |1/2,-1/2 \rangle \otimes |1/2,1/2 \rangle$$
and one for ##S=1##:
$$|S=1,\Sigma_z=0 \rangle=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} (|1/2,1/2 \rangle \otimes |1/2,-1/2 \rangle +|1/2,-1/2 \rangle \otimes |1/2,1/2 \rangle.$$
Note the footnote in the Review of Particle Physics table of Clebsch-Gordon coefficients: You have to take the square root of all the number (with the minus-signs outside of the square root)!
 

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