Understanding Angular Momentum States and Clebsh-Gordan Coefficients

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the addition of angular momenta of two particles, specifically addressing the implications of the Clebsch-Gordan coefficients on the possible total angular momentum states. It explores theoretical aspects of angular momentum coupling and the conditions under which certain states may or may not exist.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Technical explanation, Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant states that the total angular momentum resulting from two particles, J1 and J2, falls within the range |J1-J2| < J < J1+J2, questioning whether the Clebsch-Gordan coefficients imply that not all combinations are possible.
  • Another participant asserts that all combinations are indeed possible, noting that the Clebsch-Gordan table accounts for the magnetic quantum numbers (m values).
  • A subsequent reply emphasizes that for a specific m value, some combinations may not be possible.
  • Another participant introduces the concept of symmetry, explaining that a 180-degree rotation reverses the sign of each m value, leading to certain Clebsch-Gordan coefficients vanishing under specific conditions, such as when j1 + j2 + j3 is odd.
  • A later response acknowledges the previous point about the possibility of certain states being unavailable for a given m.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the implications of the Clebsch-Gordan coefficients, with some asserting that all combinations are possible while others highlight restrictions based on specific m values. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the extent of these restrictions.

Contextual Notes

The discussion does not resolve the mathematical implications of the Clebsch-Gordan coefficients fully, nor does it clarify the conditions under which certain states may be excluded based on symmetry considerations.

spookyfish
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When we add the angular momenta of two particles, J1 and J2, we get that the resulting total angular momenta is in the range
|J1-J2| < J < J1+J2

but according to the Clebsh-Gordan table some coefficients are zero. Does it mean that not all combinations between |J1-J2| and J1+J2 are possible?
 
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No, they are all possible. The Clebsh-Gordan table also takes the components (the m's) into consideration.
 
ok, but for a given m - some of them might not be possible
 
It's due to symmetry. For example, rotate through 180 degrees, turning z → -z. This reverses the sign of each m value. There's an identity

(j1 -m1 j2 -m2|j3 -m3) = (-1)j1 + j2 + j3 (j1 m1 j2 m2|j3 m3)

So in particular for m1 = m2 = m3 = 0 the Clebsch-Gordan coeffiicent will vanish if j1 + j2 + j3 is odd.
 
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spookyfish said:
ok, but for a given m - some of them might not be possible

That's correct
 
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