Covariant derivative of a 1-form

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the covariant derivative of a 1-form and its expression in local coordinates using the Levi-Civita connection and Christoffel symbols. Participants explore the mathematical formulation and implications of the covariant derivative in the context of differential geometry.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Mathematical reasoning
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant expresses a desire to express the covariant derivative of a 1-form in terms of local coordinates and Christoffel symbols, presenting a formula and questioning a specific aspect of their derivation.
  • Another participant asserts that the covariant derivative of a 1-form should not depend on the partial derivatives of the components of the vector field, suggesting a misunderstanding in the original participant's expectations.
  • A later reply proposes a corrected expression for the covariant derivative of the 1-form, indicating a shift in understanding based on the feedback received.
  • Further, the discussion shifts to the differentiation of a covariant 2-tensor, with a participant questioning the validity of partial differentiation with respect to local coordinates and whether the covariant derivative would depend on the partial derivatives of the vector fields involved.
  • Another participant challenges the notion that the result should depend on the derivatives of the components of the vectors, emphasizing that the vectors are tools for generalization.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on whether the covariant derivative of a 1-form and a 2-tensor should depend on the partial derivatives of the vector fields. There is no consensus on this matter, and the discussion remains unresolved.

Contextual Notes

Participants highlight potential misunderstandings regarding the behavior of covariant derivatives in relation to vector field components and their derivatives, but do not resolve these issues.

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Let $$f:U \to \mathbb{R}^3$$ be a surface with local coordinates $$f_i=\frac{\partial f}{\partial u^i}$$. Let $\omega$ be a one-form. I want to express $$\nabla \omega$$ in terms of local coordinates and Christoffel symboles. Where $$\nabla$$ is the Levi-Civita connection (thus it coincides with the covariant derivative).

Let $$X=X^if_i,Y=Y^if_i$$ be two tangent vector fields on $f$, by definition one has:
$$(\nabla_X \omega)(Y)=X^i \frac{\partial (\omega(Y))}{\partial u^i}-\omega (\nabla_XY)=X^i \frac{\partial (\omega(Y^if_i))}{\partial u^i}-\omega(\nabla_{X^if_i} Y^if_i)$$

I know $$\omega(\nabla_{X^if_i} Y^if_i)=\omega (X^i[Y^{j}(\nabla_{f_i}f_j)+Y^{j}_{,i}f_j])=\omega (X^i[Y^{j}(\Gamma^{k}_{ij}f_{k})+Y^{j}_{,i}f_j])=X^{i}Y^{j}\Gamma^{k}_{ij} \omega (f_k)+X^iY^i_{,i} \omega(f_j)$$

Now to compute $$\frac{\partial (\omega(Y^if_i))}{\partial u^i}=Y^{i}_{i} \omega (f_i)+Y^i \frac{\partial(\omega (f_i)))}{\partial u^i}$$.

Substitute them into the formula for $$\nabla_X \omega (Y)$$ to get a result dependent on the partial derivatives of $Y$ (after cancellations), but this should not be the case, where did I go wrong?
 
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The covariant derivative of a 1-form \omega is a 1-form \nabla_X\omega. And a 1-form (i.e. a field of covectors) eating a vector field Y does not depend on the partial derivatives of the components of Y:

\alpha(Y=\sum Y^if_i)=\sum Y^i\alpha(f_i)

So why do you expect \nabla_X\omega (Y) to behave differently? ;)
 
Thanks for pointing it out! My answer should be $$(\nabla_X \omega)(Y)=X^iY^j(\omega_{j,i}-\Gamma^{k}_{ij} \omega_k)$$

I'm now trying to differentiate a covariant 2-tensor (may not be a 2-form), namely $$(\nabla_{X}S)(Y,Z)=X^i \frac {\partial S(Y,Z)}{\partial u^i}-S(\nabla_{X}Y,Z)-S(Y,\nabla_{X}Z)$$

If denote S(f_i,f_j) to be S_{ij}, is it still valid to partial differentiate with respect to $$u^k$$: $$\frac{\partial S(f_i,f_j)} {\partial u^k}=S_{ij,k}$$?? If so, then the covariant derivative of a 2-tensor field will depend on the partial derivatives of the vector fields $$X,Y,Z$$ then?
 
Again, why would the result depend on derivatives of components of the vectors ? The vectors are merely <helping tools> to make things general.
 

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