Cross Product in E_u: Explaining Gourgoulhon's Text

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the cross product in the context of Gourgoulhon's text "Special Relativity in General Frames," specifically Chapter 3, Page 84. The participants clarify the relationship between the antisymmetric bilinear form A and the induced cross product in the local rest space E_u(P) associated with an observer's event P. The proof of proposition (3.37) demonstrates that for a timelike vector u in E, there exists a unique form q and vector b such that A can be expressed as a combination of these elements and an error term ε. The confusion arises from the interpretation of the metric duality and the nature of the object ε_u(v,w, ...), which is clarified as being the g-dual vector in E_u rather than a one-form.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of vector spaces, specifically E and E_u(P)
  • Familiarity with antisymmetric bilinear forms and their properties
  • Knowledge of metric duality and its implications in linear algebra
  • Basic concepts of trilinear forms and their applications in physics
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the concept of metric duality in detail, particularly in the context of Gourgoulhon's framework
  • Explore the properties of antisymmetric bilinear forms and their geometric interpretations
  • Learn about the cross product in higher dimensions and its relation to linear algebra
  • Investigate the implications of trilinear forms in physics, especially in relativity
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for physicists, mathematicians, and students studying general relativity, particularly those interested in the mathematical foundations of special relativity and the applications of bilinear forms in theoretical physics.

aclaret
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I study from Gourgoulhon's text 'special relativity in general frames', I have some difficulty to understanding Chapter 3 Page 84. I already learn that there exist a orthogonal projection mapping ##\bot_{u}:E \rightarrow E_u(P)## from the vector space ##E \cong R^4## to the subspace ##E_u(P)## associated with local rest space ##\mathscr{E}_u(P)## of the observer at event ##P##.

Now want to proof the proposition (3.37), that given timelike ##u \in E## and antisymmetric bilinear form ##A##, there exist unique form ##q = A(., u) \in E^*## and unique vector ##b \in E## such that ##A = u \otimes q - q \otimes u + \epsilon(u, b, \dots)##. During proof author writes "By metric duality, ##\epsilon_u## induces the cross product of two vectors of ##E_u## by $$\forall (v, w) \in {E_u}^2, \quad v \times_u w := \epsilon_u (v, w, \dots) = \epsilon(u, v, w, \dots)$$where ##\epsilon_u(v,w \dots)## stands for vector of ##E_u## associated by ##g##-duality to the linear form ##E_u \rightarrow R##, ##z \mapsto \epsilon(v, w, z)##... [and] ##\varepsilon(u,v,w, \dots)## stands for vector in ##E## that is ##g##-dual of the linear form ##E \rightarrow R, z \mapsto \epsilon(u,v,w,z)##"

I don't understand this part, please somebody can please explain how exactly this induces a cross product? (I do undertand what author mean by metric duality, that is simply the map ##\Phi_g## associating any ##u \in E## to a one-form ##\tilde{u} \in E^*## such that satisfy ## \langle \tilde{u}, v \rangle = g(u,v)## for all ##v \in E##, but I don't understand how it relate to the concept above).
 
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Not sure which part is unclear to you. In 3D space there is one trilinear antisymmetric form (up to a constant multiple). If you feed two vectors into it, you get a one form. By metric duality it gives you a vector.
 
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Thank yes I did now understand, what confuse me is that it look on paper like the object ##\epsilon_u(v,w, \dots)## is a oneform ##E_u \rightarrow R## (LV tensor with a one unfilled slot for a vector), but author instead mean that this object above is g-dual ##(\in E_u##) of what I thinking before. so I simply was imagining the isomorphism wrong way round in my brain ;) ;)

apologise for trivial question :), thank @martinbn
 
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No need for apology. It is worded in an unusual way. It is easy to loose track of the notations and not see the forest because of the trees.
 
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For me In 3D space there is one trilinear antisymmetric form
 

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