D'Alembert's Reduction of Order Method

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on applying D'Alembert's Reduction of Order Method to solve the differential equation y'' - y = 0, given the first solution y_1(x) = e^x. The user attempts to find a second linearly independent solution by substituting y = ve^x and deriving the equation w' + e^xw = 0. An unusual integrating factor, p(x) = e^x, is identified, leading to confusion about the solution process. Ultimately, the user acknowledges a mistake in algebra, emphasizing the importance of foundational skills in solving differential equations.

PREREQUISITES
  • D'Alembert's Reduction of Order Method
  • Basic differential equations
  • Integration techniques
  • Algebraic manipulation skills
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  • Study the application of D'Alembert's Reduction of Order Method in various differential equations.
  • Learn about integrating factors in first-order linear differential equations.
  • Practice solving differential equations with multiple solutions.
  • Review algebraic techniques to avoid common mistakes in calculus.
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Students and educators in mathematics, particularly those studying differential equations, as well as anyone seeking to improve their algebraic skills for better problem-solving in calculus.

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Homework Statement


Use the reduction of order metho to find a second linearly independent solution. What is the general solution of the differential equation?
y'' - y = 0
y_1(x) = e^x

Homework Equations


Reduction of order formula

The Attempt at a Solution


First, I set:
y = ve^x
y' = ve^x + e^{x}v'
y'' = ve^x + 2e^{x}v' + e^{x}v''
(ve^x + 2e^{x}v' + e^{x}v'') - (ve^x) = 0
2e^{x}v' + e^{x}v'' = 0
e^{x}v'' + 2e^{x}v' = 0
v'' + e^{x}v' = 0
Then I made a substitution:
w = v'
So the equation becomes:
w' + e^{x}w = 0
At this point, I tried to find an integration factor. However, the integrating factor I obtained is a bit unusual, which leads me to believe that I have made a mistake somewhere. This is the integrating factor I obtained:
p(x) = e^x
u(x) = e^{\int e^x} = e^{e^x}
At this point, due to the odd integrating factor, I am not sure what I have done wrong or how to continue the problem.
 
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##e^{x}v'' + 2e^{x}v' = 0## does not lead to ##v'' + e^{x}v' = 0## !
 
I hope this mistake was a total brainfart. If not, you really need to get a handle on basic algebra. It'll make learning this stuff a lot easier when you're not wasting time tracking down avoidable errors like this one.
 
vela said:
I hope this mistake was a total brainfart. If not, you really need to get a handle on basic algebra. It'll make learning this stuff a lot easier when you're not wasting time tracking down avoidable errors like this one.
It totally was, I promise my algebra is not that bad :p ...anyway thanks you both for the help
 

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