Determining Normalization Constant

In summary, the conversation revolves around determining the normalization constant c in a given wave function. The attempt at a solution involves breaking up an integral incorrectly and not being familiar with the concept of a gaussian integral. The solution is suggested to use Euler's formula and consult a reference book for gaussian integrals.
  • #1
atomicpedals
209
7

Homework Statement



Determine the normalization constant c in the wave function given by
[itex]\psi[/itex](x) = c cos(kx) exp[(-1/2)(x/L)2 ]

Homework Equations



1=[itex]\int[/itex] |[itex]\psi[/itex](x)|2 dx

limits of integration being -inf to inf.

The Attempt at a Solution



I'm very much sure that my math is wrong, I'm very rusty with improper integrals.

1= [itex]\int[/itex] |c cos(kx) exp[(-1/2)(x/L)2|2 dx

= [itex]\int[/itex] |c2 cos2(kx) exp[-(x2/L2)| dx

it's at this point I start getting into trouble

= c2 [itex]\int[/itex] |cos2(kx) exp[-(x2/L2)| dx

= c2 [itex]\int[/itex] cos2(kx)dx [itex]\int[/itex] exp[-(x2/L2)dx

= c2 (lim((2kx+sin(2kx))/4k)) ([itex]\pi[/itex])1/2/(1/L2)1/2

I think I'm pretty solidly wrong by this point... where did I go wrong?
 
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  • #2
You can't break up an integral like that. Think about it.

[itex]\int x^2 dx = \int x * x dx = \int x dx \int x dx = x^4/4[/itex] ??

Also this identity might make it less painful for you:

[itex] cos(kx) = \frac{e^{ikx} + e^{-ikx}}{2}[/itex] (Euler's formula)
 
  • #3
Ah, right... well at least I made it three steps in before totally going off the deep end. Still working on it though.
 
  • #4
So my sticking point mathematically really seems to be the

e(-1/2)(x/L)2

This almost certainly simplifies down to something reasonably basic after being squared and/or integrated shouldn't it?
 
Last edited:
  • #5
do you know what a gaussian integral is?
 
  • #6
Yep, Arfken is a life-saver!
 

1. What is a normalization constant?

A normalization constant is a scaling factor used in mathematical equations to ensure that the total value is equal to 1. It is often used in probability distributions or data normalization to standardize the data.

2. Why is it important to determine the normalization constant?

Determining the normalization constant is important because it allows us to compare different sets of data that may have different scales or units. It also ensures that the total probability of a distribution is equal to 1, making it more meaningful and easier to interpret.

3. How is the normalization constant calculated?

The normalization constant is calculated by dividing each individual value in the data set by the sum of all the values in the set. This ensures that the total sum of all the values is equal to 1.

4. Can the normalization constant be negative?

No, the normalization constant cannot be negative. It is a scaling factor and is used to make all values positive and sum up to 1.

5. In what situations would you need to determine the normalization constant?

The normalization constant is commonly used in probability distributions, data normalization, and machine learning algorithms. It is also useful in comparing data sets with different scales or units, and when working with data that needs to be standardized for analysis.

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