Find $\alpha$ to Make ODE Resonance Free

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    Ode Resonance
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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around determining the value of $\alpha$ in the ordinary differential equation (ODE) $y'' + y = \alpha \cos x + \cos^3 x$ to ensure that the system is resonance-free. Participants explore the implications of resonance in the context of the ODE's natural frequencies and the forcing terms involved.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested
  • Mathematical reasoning

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants express that to avoid resonance, the coefficient of $\cos x$ must be zero, as it corresponds to a natural frequency of the homogeneous equation.
  • There is a discussion about the roots of the characteristic equation being $\pm i$, indicating that the natural frequencies are at $\pm 1$.
  • One participant notes that if the $\cos x$ term is not removed, it could lead to terms like $\cos x$ and $x \cos x$ in the solution, which may cause resonance issues.
  • Another participant emphasizes that the term $x \cos(x)$ is problematic due to its oscillatory nature with an amplitude that grows without bound.
  • Some participants propose that setting $\alpha = -\frac{3}{4}$ would eliminate the resonance issue.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

There is a general agreement on the need to eliminate the $\cos x$ term to avoid resonance, with some participants suggesting that $\alpha = -\frac{3}{4}$ achieves this. However, the discussion includes varying interpretations of the implications of resonance and the nature of the terms involved.

Contextual Notes

Participants reference the relationship between the forcing terms and the natural frequencies of the system, but there are unresolved aspects regarding the broader implications of resonance and the specific conditions under which it occurs.

Who May Find This Useful

This discussion may be useful for those studying ordinary differential equations, particularly in the context of resonance phenomena and the analysis of forcing terms in oscillatory systems.

Dustinsfl
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$y''+y=\alpha\cos x + \cos^3x$

What value of $\alpha$ makes this resonance free?

$\cos^3 x = \frac{1}{4}\cos 3x+\frac{3}{4}\cos x$

So $y''+y=(\alpha+\frac{3}{4})\cos x + \frac{1}{4}\cos 3x$

What am I supposed to do to find alpha?
 
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dwsmith said:
$y''+y=\alpha\cos x + \cos^3x$

What value of $\alpha$ makes this resonance free?

$\cos^3 x = \frac{1}{4}\cos 3x+\frac{3}{4}\cos x$

So $y''+y=(\alpha+\frac{3}{4})\cos x + \frac{1}{4}\cos 3x$

What am I supposed to do to find alpha?

To make this resonance free you need that the forcing term on the right does not contain a component at a natural frequency of the homogeneous equation. The natural angular frequencies of the homogeneous equation are the (imaginary part of the) roots of the characteristic equation, which here are \(\pm 1\), so you need the coefficient of \(\cos(x)\) to be zero.

You can see the resonance in the contribution of the \(e^it\) component of the forcing in your other ODE thread where the resonance term grows with time.

CB
 
Last edited:

The roots should be $\pm i$ but $|\pm i | = 1$ still.

We want to remove the $\cos x$. Is that, because if not, we would have terms $\cos x$ and $x\cos x$ in the solution? Therefore, the variable coefficient we cause the resonance?
 
dwsmith said:

The roots should be $\pm i$ but $|\pm i | = 1$ still.

We want to remove the $\cos x$. Is that, because if not, we would have terms $\cos x$ and $x\cos x$ in the solution? Therefore, the variable coefficient we cause the resonance?

Only the \(x \cos(x)\) term is a problem as this is a oscillatory term with amplitude that grows without bound.

CB
 
So $\alpha = -\dfrac{3}{4}$.
 
dwsmith said:
So $\alpha = -\dfrac{3}{4}$.

Yes.

CB
 

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