Formal definitions of cutting and pasting etc

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    Cutting Definitions
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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the formal definitions of intuitive operations in topology, specifically "cutting," "pasting," "stretching," and "shrinking." Participants explore these concepts within the context of mathematical definitions and operations, touching on both theoretical and practical aspects.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants propose that cutting is a set operation, defined as removing a subset from a larger set.
  • Others argue that pasting corresponds to the connected sum operation, which can be further explored in resources like Wikipedia.
  • Stretching and shrinking are described as continuous transformations achieved through homeomorphisms.
  • One participant suggests that cutting and pasting involve non-continuous changes, while stretching and shrinking involve continuous changes, framing topology as the study of continuity.
  • A later reply introduces the concept of algebraic topology and mentions the difficulty in formally describing these operations despite their apparent simplicity.
  • Another participant challenges the definition of cutting by discussing the partitioning of a curve into segments without removing points, proposing an alternative definition involving Cartesian products.
  • One participant clarifies that cutting and pasting can refer to separating a curve or removing a piece from a surface before gluing another surface, emphasizing the connected sum of surfaces as a holistic operation.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the definitions and implications of cutting and pasting, with no consensus reached on a singular formal definition. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the best way to articulate these operations mathematically.

Contextual Notes

Limitations include varying interpretations of cutting and pasting, dependence on specific definitions, and the complexity of formalizing these intuitive operations in topology.

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Popular math books usually explain topology as the study of spaces allowing strecthing and shrinking and some cutting and pasting, but what the formal definitions of the intuitive operations "cutting","pasting","strecthing","shrinking" according to mathematics?
 
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cutting is a set operation. S\A means "The set S with the set A removed (or "cut") from it."

pasting is the operation of taking the connected sum. You can read about it on wikipedia.

stretching and shrinking are the result of applying a certain map called a homeomorphism to your surface.
 
Very roughly speaking, stretching and shrinking involve continuous changes while cutting and pasting involve non-continuous changes. Fundamentally, "topology" is the study of continuity.
 
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But when you cut a curve off, you just partition the curve into two segments which is not connected and no point (even the cut point) is been removed, this is somewhat quite difference from complement operation that remove the elements from the universal set, so i think the best way to define it is A \times {0} \cup B \times {1}, do you agree? but the problem appearring, is if we only mention the curve and the cut point, how could we do?
 
I didn't know you were talking about "separating" a curve like that. I though you were talking about the operation of cutting a little piece off a surface before gluing-in another surface.

More accurately I should have said that the operation of "cutting & pasting" considered as a whole is called taking the connected sum of two surfaces (manifolds). Cutting itself consists of removing a small ball from each surface (which does corresponds to the set operation S\A) and pasting is the introduction of an equivalence relation on the two surfaces that declare equivalent the points on the boundaries where the balls were removed.
 

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