Fundamental Constants: How Do We Know They're Constant?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around the nature of fundamental constants in physics, specifically the Gravitational constant and Planck's constant, and whether these constants are truly constant over time. Participants explore the experiments and measurements that have been conducted to verify their constancy, as well as the implications of potential changes in these constants.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants question how we can be sure that constants like the Gravitational constant and Planck's constant do not change over time, asking for examples of experiments that verify their constancy.
  • One participant suggests that searching for information on measuring these constants could yield insights, noting that if someone were to find evidence that G is increasing, it could have significant implications.
  • Another participant points out that constants are defined within the International System of Units (SI) and may not have the same status in other unit systems, implying a dependence on definitions.
  • A participant clarifies the distinction between the gravitational constant (G) and gravitational acceleration (g), emphasizing that g is dependent on the mass and radius of Earth, while G is a universal constant.
  • Some participants express the view that only time will reveal if constants change, suggesting that current measurements indicate stability.
  • Precise measurements using pulsars have been mentioned, indicating that any potential change in G is consistent with zero, although the uncertainty remains significant.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally express uncertainty about the constancy of fundamental constants, with multiple competing views on the implications of measurements and definitions. The discussion remains unresolved regarding whether these constants truly remain unchanged over time.

Contextual Notes

There are limitations in the discussion regarding the assumptions made about the constancy of these constants, the dependence on specific definitions within the SI, and the unresolved nature of the measurements presented.

PumpkinCougar95
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How do we know that constants in nature like the Gravitational constant or plank's constants are actually "constant" and don't actually change over time? What sorts of experiments have been done which verify these things?
 
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You could try Googling "Measuring G" or "measuring h" and see that such quantities are frequently 'checked'. Somebody could make a real name for themselves if they managed to find that G is increasing. Dark Matter was introduced to explain weird recession speeds of distant galaxies.
 
PumpkinCougar95 said:
How do we know that constants in nature like the Gravitational constant or plank's constants are actually "constant" and don't actually change over time? What sorts of experiments have been done which verify these things?
You can just check the BIPM definitions of the SI. These constants are not “in nature” they are in the SI. In other unit systems they may or may not even exist.
 
Shadow89 said:
The gravitational constant of earth is roughly 9.81m/s2.
That's not the gravitational constant. It's the gravitational acceleration g (lower case) on Earth and it depends on the Mass of the Earth and the radius.
G (upper case) is constant in
g = MG/d2
Shadow89 said:
Source: This is common, undisputed knowledge.
Whoops! That was really sticking your neck out to say something like that on PF. :wink:
 
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PumpkinCougar95 said:
How do we know that constants in nature like the Gravitational constant or plank's constants are actually "constant" and don't actually change over time? What sorts of experiments have been done which verify these things?
Only time will tell if some constants change over time.
 

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