Horizontal Flame: Investigating an Unexplained Phenomenon

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around the observation of a horizontal flame produced by a stick of incense, exploring the mechanisms that could explain this unusual phenomenon. Participants consider various theoretical and experimental approaches to understand the behavior of the flame.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Technical explanation, Experimental/applied, Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant describes observing a horizontal flame that was perpendicular to a vertical flame, expressing curiosity about the mechanism behind it.
  • Another participant proposes that a cavity in the incense stick may have filled with combustion gases under pressure, which escaped through a small hole, creating a sideways jet of burning gas.
  • A suggestion is made to experiment by puncturing the incense stick to test the proposed explanation.
  • Some participants reference horizontal flames seen in jet engines and welding torches, suggesting similarities to the observed phenomenon.
  • Concerns are raised about other factors that might influence the flame's behavior, including the need for a force to push the flame horizontally.
  • One participant speculates that a vertical cavity curving horizontally could allow for a flame to be pushed out sideways, though they express uncertainty about the success of such an experiment.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express a range of hypotheses regarding the cause of the horizontal flame, with some agreeing on the potential role of gas pressure and others introducing additional factors. The discussion remains unresolved with multiple competing views on the mechanisms involved.

Contextual Notes

There are limitations regarding the assumptions made about the structure of the incense stick and the conditions required for the flame to behave as observed. The discussion does not resolve the exact nature of the forces at play or the specific conditions necessary for the phenomenon.

Who May Find This Useful

Individuals interested in combustion phenomena, experimental physics, or those exploring unconventional flame behaviors may find this discussion relevant.

NJV
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I just lit a stick of incense. I observed that before the flame snuffed out, it consisted both of a vertical and a thinner horizontal flame. The horizontal flame was exactly perpendicular to the vertical one. It kept to a straight line and did not rise at all. Before I could photograph the flame, it went out.

I found this bizarre, since I have never seen or heard of a horizontal flame, nor could think of anything that could cause a flame to behave in such way. I'm curious what mechanism could explain this phenomenon.
 
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A flame is just burning gas in air. The heat causes the burning matter to decompose forming the gases that burn.

So, what I think must've happened is that there was some cavity in the stick with a small hole in the side. The cavity filled up with combustion gases under pressure, which escaped through the hole and formed a sideways jet of burning gas. Voilá: A horizontal flame.
 
That sounds a likely explanation alxm.Why not try an experiment NJV by making a cavity?
 
Thanks for the quick and helpful reply, that sounds illuminating.

I'll try puncturing an incense stick with a needle and see what happens, but I'm not sure it will work. It's probably rather delicate.
 
I see horizontal flames coming out of jet engines all the time... :wink:
 
If alxm is right, it might actually be similar to that. :)
 
And welding torches.
 
Were there any other factors that may have made the flame act the way it did?
 
I could only see a horizontal flame being produced if there is a force pushing the flame horizontally, such as what redargon said with jet engines. this cavity would have to go vertically from the top then would curve horizontally out the side. then a force, such as a slight push of air, would push the flame out the side. This could absolutely work; but with my luck, would fail completely.
 

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