How Are Allowed Wave Vectors Calculated in Carbon Nanotubes?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the calculation of allowed wave vectors in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using a tight binding approach. Participants explore the theoretical framework, mathematical formulations, and implications for current calculations in CNTs.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Mathematical reasoning
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant inquires about the necessity of the term exp^{ik.R} in the off-diagonal elements of the tight binding model and the appropriate value of k to use.
  • Another participant suggests consulting textbooks for detailed processes and mentions a specific review article in Nature Nanotechnology that could be useful.
  • A reference to a book on carbon nanotubes indicates that allowed wave vectors are shown parallel to specific vectors K1 and K2, raising the question of whether K1 represents the allowed wave vectors in the first Brillouin zone.
  • One participant notes that the chirality of the CNT affects the allowed wave vectors, stating that propagation occurs in one direction and that the allowed wave numbers are discrete.
  • A participant discusses the relationship between the band structure of metallic CNTs and the allowed wave vectors, mentioning that the periodicity of the Brillouin lattice contributes to the discreteness of wave numbers.
  • Another participant provides a mathematical expression for allowed wave vectors and questions how to construct K by looping k from -pi/T to pi/T for various n values.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express varying levels of certainty regarding the details of the calculations and the implications of chirality on allowed wave vectors. There is no consensus on the necessity of specific terms in the tight binding model or the exact nature of the allowed wave vectors.

Contextual Notes

Some participants reference specific sources and mathematical formulations, but there are indications of incomplete notes and uncertainty regarding the derivation of certain concepts.

rejinisaac1
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how does one find the allowed wave vectors in a CNT? I'm trying to use an sp3s* tight binding approach to compute the current through a CNT. While writing the off diagonal elements, is exp^{ik.R} a necesaary prefix? If so what value of k does one have to take?
 
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I can't remember, but you can find a number of textbooks on the subject that will detail the process.

EDIT: My notes aren't in order about my sources but Nature Nanotechnology Vol 2 Ocober 2007 had a review article of CNT that has a large list of references. By the way, I thought graphene was sp2 bonded or is that only when it is in graphite?
 
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i was referring to this book named 'physical properties of carbon nanotubes' by saito and dresselhaus. Page 47 of this book shows 2 vectors K1 and K2. The allowed vectors are shown parallel to K1. So are the values of K1 the allowed wave vectors of the in the first brillouin zone of the CNT under consideration? Sorry, couldn't attach the book as its around 14 MB.
 
This depends on the chirality of the CNT. However, it is my recollection that yes, the propagation only occurs along one direction. However, the wave numbers that are allowed are more than one and are discrete. Unfortunately, I don't have complete notes on the derivation although I went over it about 6 months ago.

If you can find a 3D picture of the band structure, I believe that you will see that the the metallic CNT only has the conduction and valence bands meeting at one point (well, I think it's four points actually but I think it only counts as one point when using the Brillouin vectors. So this single point accounts for the single direction of the k vector and the periodicity of the Brillioun (How do you spell this guy's name fer crying out loud?) lattice is the cause of the discrete wave numbers that are possible I believe.

But if you are just interested in calculating the current that is dependent upon the situation. The CNT's are capable of ballistic transport, under these conditions the CNT's have zero resistance but there is a contact resistance due to the fact that there are only two conducting bands from the pi-bands. This results in a contact resistance of 12.9 kiloohms. This is only useful under specific conditions. In addition, I believe Burke has developed a transmission line model for the current if you are interested in an AC excitation. That's Peter J. Burke of UC-Irvine.
 
The equation of the allowed wave vectors for a CNT is given by


K= k*( K1/|K1|) + nK2

-pi/T< k <=pi/T

n=0,1,2,3...N

How does one construct K ? Run a loop of k from -pi/T to pi/T for a given value of n?
 

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