To test for symmetry in mathematics, one can evaluate functions for symmetry about the x-axis, y-axis, and origin. The function y = 2x - 4 is analyzed, revealing it is not symmetric about the y-axis or the origin. When substituting -x into the function, the resulting expression does not match the original, confirming a lack of symmetry. The discussion emphasizes the importance of applying specific rules for testing symmetry in algebraic functions. Overall, understanding these symmetry tests is crucial for analyzing mathematical graphs.