How do you fabricate microfluidic chips in your lab?

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SUMMARY

This discussion focuses on the in-house fabrication of microfluidic chips using soft lithography techniques, specifically employing PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) for chip production. The process involves manual steps such as prepolymer casting, punching, and plasma bonding, taking approximately 30 minutes to 1 hour, with an overall time of around 4 hours due to necessary degassing and curing. The limitations of silicon wafer space restrict the number of chips produced per design, leading to potential interruptions in experiments if chips clog. The conversation also touches on the use of cleanrooms for mold fabrication and the challenges of automating the manufacturing process.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of soft lithography techniques
  • Familiarity with PDMS chip fabrication
  • Knowledge of cleanroom protocols
  • Experience with CAD design for microfluidics
NEXT STEPS
  • Research methods for automating PDMS chip manufacturing
  • Explore advanced cleanroom practices for microfluidics
  • Investigate alternative materials for microfluidic chip fabrication
  • Learn about CAD software specifically for microfluidic design
USEFUL FOR

Researchers, lab technicians, and engineers involved in microfluidics, particularly those interested in chip fabrication processes and optimization techniques.

blueprint21
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TL;DR
Made PDMS chips in the lab; process was time-consuming and frustrating. Curious how others handle chip fabrication, if they automate any steps, and whether they pre-make extra chips to avoid experimental delays.
Hello everyone! I am curious to learn how laboratories handle in-house chip manufacturing using soft lithography for microfluidics research.

In the lab where I worked, only the mask for lithography was made by an external company, whereas the mold and chip fabrication were carried out by us.
The process of making PDMS chips required around 30 min–1 h of manual work between prepolymer casting, punching/cutting, and plasma bonding. However, the total time required to make them was around 4 hours due to degassing and curing steps.

Even though the chip manufacturing was quite straightforward, I found it frustrating since it involved going in and out of the lab and waiting between steps. Additionally, since the space on the silicon wafer was limited, we could only make a few copies of chips per each design, which meant that if all of them clogged we had to interrupt the experiment and make new ones.

That was my experience, I'd love to hear how it's done in your lab:

-How do you make the chips, and what steps do you follow starting from the CAD design?

-Have you ever tried or looked for solutions to automate or speed up the manufacturing process (or parts of it)?

-Do you often pre-produce multiple copies of the chips to avoid running out of them during experiments?
 
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berkeman said:
Your questions is specialized enough that you may not find many people here working with microfluidics. This link seemed pretty helpful:

https://www.ufluidix.com/microfluidics-technical-notes/purchase-pdms-chips-or-diy/

Are you using a cleanroom in your fabrication?
thanks for the reply! That was indeed my concern, but I saw microfluidics being cited a few times in this forum, so I decided to give it a shot. We were using a cleanroom just to fabricate the molds, but the rest of the process was carried out outside.
 
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