How Does Electron Spin Orbit Influence Ferromagnetic Transformer Functionality?

[dr strangelov]

I have been working on a transformer that has a potential difference out but no current. it uses of electron spin orbit to work.

here is a brief explanation with some references


i have uncovered that iron is unique in that each atom has a magnetic moment, that is each atom has a north and south pole. These atoms, or electron spin which gives this magnetism, can be manipulated by a external field. With this magnetic field each atom can be aligned to face each other north to south poles. They will then be attracted to each other giveing a effect know as "electron clustering". In this state the influx of electrons into your circuit will be stopped.

Below is links showing us some basic physics involved.

We can see here how external fields affect electron spin.

When a piece of ferromagnetic material is placed into an external magnetic field, two things happen.
The spins in each domain shift so that the magnetic moments of the electrons become more aligned with the direction of the field.
Domains aligned with the field expand and take over regions previously occupied by domains aligned opposite to the field.
source http://electron9.phys.utk.edu/phys136d/modules/m7/material.htm

this covers permanent magnets but still has relevant information

"Instead, every electron is a tiny magnet due to its inherent magnetism (what we call electron spin).
Furthermore, the alignment of the electron spins makes a hunk of iron (magnetite) into a magnetic lodestone.
All atoms have electrons with electron spin and magnetic fields due to their orbits about the nucleus. But not all material is magnetic like the lodestone (ferromagnetic). If the electron spins of an atom's electrons are aligned oppositely, their magnetic fields cancel. That's what happens with tissue paper, flesh, or other non-ferromagnetic substances.
Each iron atom, on the other hand, has four electrons whose spin magnetism doesn't cancel. They line up. Aligned magnetic fields make matter magnetic.
Iron is a peculiar, remarkable substance. Its aligned-field electrons spontaneously couple and form small long-lasting domains. The spins inside these microscopic domains are almost perfectly aligned. Most domains, though, aren't aligned. In common un-magnetized iron, many domains are randomly oriented"
source http://www.usatoday.com/tech/columnist/aprilholladay/2005-04-01-wonderquest_x.htm


Some materials are unsuitable like copper here it explains why

Since all matter is made up of atoms and all atoms have electrons that are in motion, do all atoms have magnetic fields?
The answer to this question is yes and no. All the electrons do produce a magnetic field as they spin and orbit the nucleus; however, in some atoms, two electrons spinning and orbiting in opposite directions pair up and the net magnetic moment of the atom is zero. Remember that the direction of spin and orbit of the electron determines the direction of the magnetic field. Electron pairing occurs commonly in the atoms of most materials. In the experiment you observed a helium atom showing two electrons spinning and orbiting around the protons and neutrons of the nucleus. The two electrons are paired, meaning that they spin and orbit in opposite directions. Since the magnetic fields produced by the motion of the electrons are in opposite directions, they add up to zero. The overall magnetic field strength of atoms with all paired electrons is zero.
source http://www.ndt-ed.org/EducationResources/HighSchool/Magnetism/electronpairing.htm

Any more information on the physics involved would be appreciated

 

[Naty1]

I'm unsure what a transformer without current means but of course current doesn't typically flow in the core. What is it you are working on??

Two references you might find of interest:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_transformer

and note the "SEE ALSO" at the bottom as well...

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hysteresis

 

[dr strangelov]

hi

It means no electrons flow into your circuit, no current. but a voltage appears across the output. it does this by aligning each atom, that has the propertys of a magnetic dipole, so the north pole attracts to the south pole of another. electron "clustering" results so normal current flow stops. the links i have given explain the physics.

i have posted this so people with a better understanding can explain how it works in more detail, with a little luck. it takes a few reads to see what i am on about, electron spin theory is new on the scene.

It has uses in chemistry, however i just like thinking outside the box, run of the mill projects don`t interest me anymore

 

[fleem]

What is the source of input energy to the transformer?

The 'clustering' you speak of sounds a lot like magnetic domains. But you can't extract magnetic energy from unaligned domains (non-magnetized material) because they're already at the lowest energy level. Aligned domains contain energy, but still it had to come from some where. Since energy doesn't appear out of nowhere (as far as we know), you'll need to supply some.

 

[dr strangelov]

spot on fleem with the magnetics bit, the primary is energised with current creating the field required to align electron spin in the secondary. get that field dead right (no kinks ect) you align them perfectly and opposites attract giveing electron clustering. does this sound correct?