How does the Singularity produce all the diverse matter in the universe?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the nature of the Singularity and its role in producing the diverse matter observed in the universe. Participants clarify that the current Big Bang theory posits an extremely hot, dense state from which the universe expanded, rather than originating from a singularity. Key concepts include the breakdown of mathematical models at singularities and the inflationary model, which describes the universe's rapid expansion post-inflation. The conversation also touches on the implications of spatial infinity and the conditions of the observable universe versus the entire universe.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Big Bang theory and its implications
  • Familiarity with concepts of singularities in physics
  • Knowledge of inflationary models in cosmology
  • Basic grasp of spatial infinity and observable universe concepts
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  • Research the implications of singularities in modern physics
  • Explore the inflationary model and its role in cosmic expansion
  • Study the relationship between entropy, information, and cosmology
  • Investigate the concept of spatial infinity in the context of the universe
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Astronomers, physicists, cosmologists, and anyone interested in the foundational theories of the universe's origin and structure.

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How does the Singularity produce all of the diverse matter and properties that we observe in the Universe today?
How does the Singularity produce all of the diverse matter and properties that we observe in the Universe today?

Although Theories like Quantum Gravity have somewhat produced indications about the existence of Graviton particles and allow some form of Gravity to operate within the laws of Quantum Physics, and I know that there are a lot more work needed to be done when it comes to finding a more basic underlying reality or phenomena (perhaps at the Planck scale or past it) that unites all of the basic fundamental forces and their elementary particles (and somewhat the graviton particle that may really exist according to Ligo),
[I personally think that information, may likely be a candidate for uniting the elementary particles according to the research concerning Maxwell's Demon and the inter-relationship between space-time and information and entropy according to RolfLandauer, Charles Benneth, and Leo Szilard's research
or John Polkinghorne's work on Active Information, although these specific conclusions about these studies in relation to the Singularity and Quantum Gravity are my private hypothesis only and private personal inclinations since there isn't much data about this]

but accordingly, through our current Cosmological Big Bang theories and the singularity and beginning of space-time, how do we go from the singularity (and what are the physical propteries of the singularity, or the particles that the singularity itself is made of or what stuff or properties it has) to the expansion that we see that produces and mixes the elementary particles through the cosmological constants affecting how they interact with each other to forming hydrogen and those predominant hydrogen molecules producing more complex matter chemical molecules and heavier elements along with energy interacting with the fundamental forces (weak, strong nuclear and electromagnetic forces) and particles (like photons, electrons, etc) to produce more diverse properties and phenomena that eventually creates our diversified universe (probably this was a very simple and botched summary from my end and I apologize if I get this idea and concept totally wrong of the evolution of matter and it's process of self organization).

Although similar debates to this question have emerged in many different fields (like Evolution, Computer Science, etc.) about Emergence/Supervenience vs Reductionism, complexity vs simplicity, and bottom up vs top down approach of constructing models, how do we address this similar issue in cosmology from a simple singularity that expands out and produces a diverse physical reality with a lot of molecules and chemicals and different forms of matter interacting with space-time that produce different states of matter, etc. What is the Singularity? And what causes it to expand and produce all of the diverse properties and states of matter that we see?
 
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shushi_boi said:
Summary:: How does the Singularity produce all of the diverse matter and properties that we observe in the Universe today?
A singularity is a point at which the mathematics breaks down. By definition, therefore, no mathematical model can emerge from a singularity. Instead, a mathematical model may lead to a singularity at some point.
 
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If we rewind relativity to the extreme then we get a singularity at the beginning of time, but as stated above a singularity means your maths has broken down so we do not believe that the universe started as a singularity.

Current Big Bang theory points to an extremely small, extremely hot and extremely dense "ball" where the universe expanded from, not from a singularity.

I recall correctly the physics of what happened from something like 1 to the minus 32 seconds onwards is fairly well understood. What existed at t=0 is unknown.
 
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MikeeMiracle said:
Current Big Bang theory points to an extremely small, extremely hot and extremely dense "ball" where the universe expanded from

With that wording you should write "observable universe" not universe.
 
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MikeeMiracle said:
Current Big Bang theory points to an extremely small, extremely hot and extremely dense "ball" where the universe expanded from

More precisely, the earliest state of the universe of which we have reliable knowledge is a hot, dense, rapidly expanding state in which our current observable universe was a small "ball". The entire universe is spatially infinite according to our best current model; that means it was spatially infinite then as well.

In inflationary models, the state described above occurs at the end of inflation, when "reheating" creates the hot, dense, rapidly expanding state.
 
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Not sure I understand why it is just the "observable universe" that had those conditions if the whole universe came from the same beginings and is the same everywhere. Is there a simple explanation? Or is it just because we do not know for sure what is outside our observable universe but we probably feel it should be the same as we can see? For example we see many galaxy's whose light is only just reaching us "now" but whose actual "position" by now will be outside the observable universe so it "should" be the same outside the observable universe as inside? Feel free to spin this off to a new thread to discuss.
 
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MikeeMiracle said:
Not sure I understand why it is just the "observable universe" that had those conditions

I didn't say that only the observable universe had those conditions (hot, dense, rapidly expanding) at that time. The entire universe did. But the entire universe was not a "small ball" at that time; it was spatially infinite. The term "small ball", which you used, only describes our observable universe at that time, not the entire universe.
 
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MikeeMiracle said:
Not sure I understand why it is just the "observable universe" that had those conditions

If our universe is infinite in extent now then it was infinite during Big Bang, so you can't say it was "extremely small ball". Infinite ##\neq## small.
 
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Ok, I get it now I think. Each "area" of the universe as it was then, both observable and outside the observable universe, had the same starting conditions and each area has since likely "expanded" by similar amounts.
 
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MikeeMiracle said:
Each "area" of the universe as it was then, both observable and outside the observable universe, had the same starting conditions and each area has since likely "expanded" by similar amounts.

Yes, assuming that "area" means "a portion of the universe that was the same size as our observable universe was at the time of the Big Bang".
 
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