Induced drag of ground effect-vehicle

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The discussion centers on calculating induced drag for a model ground effect vehicle that operates close to a flat surface, where airflow under the wing is considered negligible. Participants question the existence of induced drag when there is no airflow around the wing tips, suggesting that the situation resembles a static object in a moving fluid. The conversation emphasizes the need for a clear method to calculate drag in this unique scenario, particularly for a wing shape that mimics a bump on the surface. The analysis is focused solely on induced drag, excluding considerations of stability or other aerodynamic factors. The complexities of drag calculation in ground effect conditions remain a key point of inquiry.
Jurgen M
Model ground effect-vehicle shape like on picture fly above flat surface like floor sports hall or ice, wing end plates and trailing edge is so close to the ground(1mm) we can assume airlfow under the wing is zero and has stagnation pressure("100% ground effect").
How to calculate induced drag?

(Dont debate about stability,tail/rudder will fix this.I want analyze induced drag only for wing)
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Here is some models
 
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Jurgen M said:
How to calculate induced drag?
If there is no flow around the tip of the wing, then how can there be an induced drag ?
 
How would you calculate the drag of a bump, of the same shape and size, on the same flat surface, which has actually no air flow under it? An object moving in a static fluid is the same as a static object within a moving fluid.
 
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