Is $K$ Contained in the Center of $G$ if $|K|=5$ and $|G|$ is Odd?

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SUMMARY

In the discussion, it is established that if $K$ is a normal subgroup of a group $G$ with an odd order, and the order of $K$ is 5, then $K$ must be contained in the center of $G$. This conclusion follows from the properties of group theory, specifically utilizing the fact that normal subgroups of odd order in groups of odd order exhibit central characteristics. The proof leverages the structure of groups and the implications of normality and subgroup orders.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of group theory concepts, particularly normal subgroups.
  • Familiarity with the properties of group orders and their implications.
  • Knowledge of the center of a group and its significance in group structure.
  • Basic proof techniques in abstract algebra.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of normal subgroups in finite groups.
  • Explore the implications of group order on subgroup structure.
  • Learn about the center of a group and its role in group theory.
  • Investigate examples of groups with odd order and their subgroup configurations.
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for mathematicians, particularly those specializing in abstract algebra, group theorists, and students seeking to deepen their understanding of subgroup properties and group structure.

Euge
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Here is this week's POTW:

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Suppose $K$ is a normal subgroup of a group $G$ with $|G|$ odd. Prove that if $|K| = 5$, then $K$ is contained in the center of $G$.

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No one answered this POTW. You can read my solution below.

Let $G$ act on $K$ by conjugation. Since $G$ is odd, every stabilizer has odd index. Thus the class equation for $K$ is either $5 = 1 + 1 + 3$ or $5 = 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1$. Since $K$ has prime order, $K \cap Z(G)$ is either trivial or all of $K$. This eliminates the former possibility, so that the class equation is $5 = 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1$; in particular, $K\cap Z(G) = K$, or $K \subset Z(G)$.
 

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