How Can Isoxazole Be Synthesized from Furoxan and Phenylacetylene?

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SUMMARY

The synthesis of isoxazole from furoxan and phenylacetylene involves a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition mechanism. The discussion highlights challenges with charge stability and the positioning of methyl and phenyl groups. It suggests that unsymmetrically substituted furoxans may isomerize, facilitating the cycloaddition process. A reference for furoxan isomerization is provided for further reading.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition mechanisms
  • Familiarity with furoxan chemistry
  • Knowledge of phenylacetylene reactivity
  • Basic principles of charge stability in organic compounds
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  • Research the isomerization of unsymmetrically substituted furoxans
  • Study the mechanisms of 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition in detail
  • Explore the role of DMF in organic synthesis
  • Investigate the stability of tetravalent nitrogen compounds
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Chemists, organic synthesis researchers, and students studying reaction mechanisms in organic chemistry will benefit from this discussion.

Natalie456
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Homework Statement
Provide a mechanism for the conversion of the furoxan with phenylacetylene and DMF to create the isoxazole.
Relevant Equations
1,3 - dipolar cycloaddition?
Screen Shot 2020-02-23 at 2.38.28 AM.png

I'm having difficulties uploading my work to this system at the moment, but I have currently attempted 1,3-cycloaddition between the furoxan and phenylacetylene. However, unless a sigmatropic rearrangement occurs (which, as far as I can conclude, leads to instability with charges), this places the methyl and phenyl groups in the incorrect places. Is there a better way to, perhaps, go about this mechanism? Thank you.
 
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Natalie456 said:
Homework Statement:: Provide a mechanism for the conversion of the furoxan with phenylacetylene and DMF to create the isoxazole.
Relevant Equations:: 1,3 - dipolar cycloaddition?

I'm having difficulties uploading my work to this system at the moment
Yeah unfortunately there aren't really any good options.

The only thing I can think to help you out with your question is that unsymmetrically substituted furoxans can sometimes isomerize between the two forms:
furoxan isomerization.png

This form gets you closer with 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition.

Edit: here's a reference to furoxan isomerization:
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00519947

Further edit: obviously the tetravalent nitrogens have a +1 formal charge. Dunno why the drawing program didn't take care of that automatically.
 
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