Magnetic Force and Work: Understanding Acceleration of Current-Carrying Wires

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the phenomenon of two long parallel wires carrying current I that attract each other, resulting in their acceleration towards one another. This acceleration increases the kinetic energy of the wires, raising the question of how magnetic forces, which do not perform work, contribute to this energy increase. It is established that the currents in the wires are responsible for doing the work, similar to how an electromagnet lifts scrap metal, demonstrating the generator's load. A careful analysis is necessary to fully understand these interactions.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of electromagnetic theory
  • Familiarity with Newton's laws of motion
  • Knowledge of current-carrying conductors
  • Basic principles of energy conservation
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  • Research the principles of electromagnetic force and work
  • Study the relationship between current and magnetic fields in conductors
  • Explore the mechanics of electromagnetic lifting and its applications
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Physics students, electrical engineers, and anyone interested in the principles of electromagnetism and energy transfer in current-carrying systems.

Sukuya
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Two long parallel wires carrying current I attract each other. Let's say we let them free to move then they will accelerate towards each other, thereby increasing the kinetic energy of the wires. But we know that magnetic forces can't do work on a system. Then how can magnetic force increase kinetic energy in this case.
 
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It's the currents doing the work ... it's more obvious when you are lifting scrap metal with an electromagnet - then you can see the load on the generator.

You often need to do a careful analysis. See this old thread for a lengthy discussion:
https://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?t=229056
 

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