Newtonian theory of cosmological perturbations

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the Newtonian theory of cosmological perturbations, specifically focusing on the implications of density fluctuations in spacetime and their relationship to stability in both Newtonian and General Relativity contexts. Participants explore the mathematical formulation of these perturbations and the nature of instabilities in flat spacetime.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Mathematical reasoning
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant states that a density excess ##\delta\rho## leads to the equation of motion ##\ddot{\delta\rho} \sim G\delta\rho##, suggesting it follows from Newton's gravitational law.
  • Another participant proposes solving the differential equation related to the density fluctuation.
  • A participant provides a solution for ##\delta\rho##, indicating it consists of both exponential growth and decay components.
  • There is a question about whether the term "exponential instability" refers to growth or decay, with a later reply emphasizing the term "instability."
  • One participant raises a question regarding the inconsistency of using Einstein's field equations to analyze density fluctuations in a non-expanding universe.
  • Another participant suggests that the inconsistency arises because there is no stable static solution to the Einstein field equations that includes matter.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express uncertainty regarding the interpretation of "exponential instability" and whether it pertains to growth or decay. There is also a lack of consensus on the implications of using Einstein's field equations in non-expanding backgrounds, with differing views on stability.

Contextual Notes

The discussion includes assumptions about the stability of solutions in General Relativity and the conditions under which Newtonian approximations apply. The mathematical steps leading to the conclusions are not fully resolved.

spaghetti3451
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In the Newtonian theory of cosmological perturbations, a density excess ##\delta\rho## in a localised region of spacetime leads to the equation of motion ##\ddot{\delta\rho} \sim G\delta\rho##. I can see that this follows directly from Newton's gravitational law.

Why does this equation lead to an exponential instability of flat spacetime to the development of fluctuations?
 
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Just solve the differential equation?
 
Well, I get ##\delta\rho = A\ e^{\sqrt{G}x} + B\ e^{-\sqrt{G}x}##.

I can see that this is the sum of an exponential growth and an exponential decay of the initial density fluctuation in a localised region of spacetime.

Does the exponential instability of flat space-time to the development of fluctuations refer to exponential growth or exponential decay?
 
failexam said:
Does the exponential instability of flat space-time to the development of fluctuations refer to exponential growth or exponential decay?
It is called instability...
 
Thanks!

I was also wondering why it is inconsistent in General Relativity to consider density fluctuations in a non-expanding background.

Why can't Einstein's field equations be used to analyse density fluctuations (in the early universe) in a non-expanding universe?
 
failexam said:
Why can't Einstein's field equations be used to analyse density fluctuations (in the early universe) in a non-expanding universe?
I'm pretty sure it's just because it's not stable. There is no static solution to the Einstein field equations that both contains matter and is stable.
 
Got it!

Thanks!
 

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