Normal Mode Analysis+IR/Raman

In summary, Normal Mode Analysis (NMA) is a computational method used to study the vibrational motion of molecules in theoretical chemistry and physics. It involves calculating the vibrational normal modes of a molecule, which can then be used in IR/Raman spectroscopy to predict and interpret the vibrational spectra of molecules. While both IR and Raman spectroscopy measure the vibrational energy levels of a molecule, they use different types of radiation and measure different properties. NMA can be used for large molecules, but it becomes more computationally expensive for larger molecules. However, NMA does have limitations, including its assumption of a gas phase and equilibrium state, and its inability to account for temperature and intermolecular interactions.
  • #1
Rajini
621
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Dear friends,
I need some help regarding running Gaussian 03. I have a complex molecule (64 atoms with 6 types of atom)...and finished geometry optimization successfully using method b3lyp with basis set pVDZ.. it took 4 days to complete this optimization procedure...Now i want to do frequency calculation with the same method and basis set...For this freq. calculation will it take the same time as it took for geometry optimization..more? or less? or the same?..When i did my geom. opt. after 1 days it got aborted due to lack memory...so i took the last value (i.e., coordinates values) from the aborted file and then repeated..so like this i did 4 times and finally everything converged successfully...Now if i do this freq. calculation using the converged values...if it get aborted...what should i use from the aborted file and repeat it?
Also for another molecule i successfully made a freq. calculation...but now i don't know how to interpretate it..i just want to know how to plot Raman and IR spectrum...which values in X and X should i take for plotting from the result output file?is there any thing to tell about Normal mode analysis from this output file?or how to assign certain modes to certain vibrations peaks??
Thanks for ur reply...
Rajini
 
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  • #2
Rajini said:
For this freq. calculation will it take the same time as it took for geometry optimization..more? or less? or the same?..
It will take much longer. Gaussian's procedure for frequency calculations is to calculate the potential gradient at each atom (by calculating the single point energy at 3 points in each dimension =9 points for N atoms = 9N). There are a few tricks it uses to speed this process up, but plan on frequency calculations taking at least 10 times longer than geometry optimizations.
Rajini said:
Now if i do this freq. calculation using the converged values...if it get aborted...what should i use from the aborted file and repeat it?
Gaussian provides some ability to restart failed gradient calculations. I haven't done it in years, so I don't remember precisely what to do, but it should be in the documentation.
Rajini said:
Also for another molecule i successfully made a freq. calculation...but now i don't know how to interpretate it..i just want to know how to plot Raman and IR spectrum...which values in X and X should i take for plotting from the result output file?is there any thing to tell about Normal mode analysis from this output file?
Simply doing a frequency calculation will return all normal modes for the molecule. To calculate IR/Raman spectra, you also need to tell the program to calculate the matrix elements corresponding to these processes (transition dipole moment for IR and polarizability tensor for Raman). Gaussian can do all this; you just need to go through the documentation to find how to implement it. The output will be a list of oscillator strengths corresponding to normal modes. One tip: if your molecule has symmetry, now is definitely the time to use it. It vastly speeds up frequency calculations.
Rajini said:
or how to assign certain modes to certain vibrations peaks??
Gaussview (or another good visualization program) can do this. The Gaussian output file actually contains this info in the form of a matrix of displacements for each of the 3N normal modes in a N-atom molecule (including translations/rotations). A visualization program will translate this matrix into a lovely little movie of the different vibrational modes.
 

What is Normal Mode Analysis?

Normal Mode Analysis (NMA) is a computational method used in theoretical chemistry and physics to study the vibrational motion of molecules. It involves calculating the vibrational normal modes of a molecule, which represent the different ways in which the atoms in a molecule can vibrate.

How is NMA used in IR/Raman spectroscopy?

NMA is used in IR/Raman spectroscopy to predict and interpret the vibrational spectra of molecules. The normal modes calculated from NMA can be used to assign the peaks in the IR or Raman spectra to specific vibrational motions of the molecule.

What is the difference between IR and Raman spectroscopy?

Both IR and Raman spectroscopy measure the vibrational energy levels of a molecule, but they use different types of radiation. IR spectroscopy uses infrared light, while Raman spectroscopy uses visible or near-infrared light. Additionally, IR spectroscopy measures changes in dipole moment, while Raman spectroscopy measures changes in polarizability.

Can NMA be used for large molecules?

Yes, NMA can be used for large molecules, but the computational cost increases with the size of the molecule. For very large molecules, other methods such as normal coordinate analysis may be more efficient.

What are some limitations of NMA?

NMA is based on the assumption that the molecule is in the gas phase and at equilibrium. This may not accurately represent the behavior of a molecule in a condensed phase or under non-equilibrium conditions. Additionally, NMA does not take into account the effects of temperature or intermolecular interactions on the vibrational modes of a molecule.

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