One-dimensional particle motion with potential X.

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on finding the one-dimensional particle motion in two specific potentials: the trigonometric potential U(x) = V tan²(ax) and the Morse potential U(x) = A(1-e⁻ˣ)². The key equation derived for the period of motion is T = √(2m) ∫(dx / √[E - U(x)]) with limits defined by the turning points where velocity v=0. Participants express uncertainty about whether the goal is to determine the period or to derive an expression for x(t), which requires initial conditions and solving an integral similar to that for T.

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  • Understanding of classical mechanics and Lagrangian dynamics
  • Familiarity with potential energy functions, specifically trigonometric and Morse potentials
  • Knowledge of integral calculus, particularly in the context of physics
  • Experience with solving differential equations related to motion
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  • Study the derivation of motion equations in trigonometric potentials
  • Learn about the Morse potential and its applications in quantum mechanics
  • Explore the method of Lagrange multipliers in classical mechanics
  • Investigate numerical methods for solving integrals in particle motion problems
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Students of physics, particularly those studying classical mechanics, as well as educators and researchers interested in particle dynamics and potential energy analysis.

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Homework Statement



Find the one-dimensional particle motion in the trigonometric potential
U(x) = V tan^2(a x) , V > 0 .

Find the one-dimensional particle motion in the Morse potential
U(x) = A(1-e^-ax)^2.

Homework Equations


well at the moment in class our lecturer derived: T = sqrt(2m) integral(dx / sqrt[E - U(x)]) with limits x1 and x2, where the limits of integration are the limits of the motion (or turning points), given by v=0.

The Attempt at a Solution


Im unsure as always as to what the answer should even look like. Well i started with lagrangian
L = V-U , L = m/2 v^2 - Vtan^2(ax)
and got to d/dt(dL/dv) = dL/dx, but it didnt look right and how I am unsure even how to approach the problem.
 
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Welcome to PF.

It's not clear just what is being asked. Do they simply want the period, which you can get from your equation for T?

Or do the want an expression for x(t)? For that, you would need the initial position and velocity of the particle, and to solve an integral along the lines of the expression for T.
 

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