Polarizers in series, I got the correct answer, want to verify why

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on calculating the orientation of a third polarizer in a series of three linear polarizers affecting an unpolarized laser beam with a power output of 1.00 W. The first polarizer is vertical, the second is at 45.0 degrees, and the third's orientation is unknown. The overall transmitted power is measured at 5.50 milliwatts, leading to the conclusion that the third polarizer's angle is 125.78 degrees relative to the vertical. The calculations utilize the formula I = Imax * 1/2 * cos²(θ1 - θ2) and confirm that the exponent for the transmission factor (0.95) corresponds to the number of polarizers when they share the same maximum transmission.

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  • Understanding of linear polarization and polarizer behavior
  • Familiarity with the formula I = Imax * 1/2 * cos²(θ1 - θ2)
  • Basic knowledge of trigonometric functions, specifically cosine
  • Ability to manipulate algebraic equations for problem-solving
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Homework Statement


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An unpolarized laser emits 1.00 W of continuous optical power.
It's beam is directed into three identical linear polarizers, each with a maximum transmission of 95.0%. The first polarizer has its transmission axis vertical, the second at 45.0 from the vertical, and the third is in an unknown orientation. An optical power meter reads the overall power transmitted as 5.50 milliwatts. Find the orientation of the third polarizer's transmission axis relative to the vertical. (20 points)



Homework Equations



I = Imax*1/2 * cos212)

The Attempt at a Solution



So I set up the equation as such:
5.5*10-3= (0.95)3*1.0W*1/2 * cos2(90°-45°)*cos2(θ - 45°)

I do some algebra and get θ = 125.78, which is the correct answer.

What I'm looking to clarify is a few things.

For the (0.95)3 part of the equation, the exponent will always just be the number of polarisers if they all have the same maximum transmission?

cos2(θ - 45°), the -45° comes from the previous polariser right? So if there was another polariser that had an angle 60° from the vertical place before the last unknown polariser, the equation would change to:
5.5*10-3= (0.95)4*1.0W*1/2 * cos2(45°)*cos2(60°-45°)*cos2(θ - (60°-45°))

Is this correct? I'm not 100% certain and I don't have access to any more problems in the same form as this one that I have the answer to.

Thank you in advance.
 
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breakingaway said:
For the (0.95)3 part of the equation, the exponent will always just be the number of polarisers if they all have the same maximum transmission?

cos2(θ - 45°), the -45° comes from the previous polariser right?
Right
So if there was another polariser that had an angle 60° from the vertical place before the last unknown polariser, the equation would change to:
5.5*10-3= (0.95)4*1.0W*1/2 * cos2(45°)*cos2(60°-45°)*cos2(θ - (60°-45°))
I think the angles should be 45°, 15° (=60-45) and θ-60°, as θ is measured relative to the vertical axis.
 

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