Can You Tackle This Week's Challenging PDE?

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SUMMARY

This week's Problem of the Week (POTW) involves solving the partial differential equation (PDE) given by $$3\frac{\partial u}{\partial x} + 4 \frac{\partial u}{\partial y} = f(x,y)$$, where $f$ is a smooth function of $x$ and $y$. The discussion emphasizes the importance of understanding the characteristics method for solving first-order linear PDEs. No solutions were provided by participants, indicating a need for deeper engagement with the problem-solving process.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of first-order linear partial differential equations
  • Familiarity with the method of characteristics
  • Basic knowledge of smooth functions in multivariable calculus
  • Experience with mathematical problem-solving techniques
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the method of characteristics for solving first-order PDEs
  • Explore examples of linear PDEs and their solutions
  • Review the properties of smooth functions in the context of PDEs
  • Engage with online forums or resources for additional problem-solving practice
USEFUL FOR

Mathematicians, students studying differential equations, and anyone interested in enhancing their skills in solving partial differential equations.

Euge
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Here is this week's POTW:

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Solve the PDE $$3\frac{\partial u}{\partial x} + 4 \frac{\partial u}{\partial y} = f(x,y)$$

where $f$ is a smooth function of $x$ and $y$.
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No one answered this week's problem. You can read my solution below.
Let $\xi = 3x + 4y$ and $\eta = 4x - 3y$. Then $$3\frac{\partial u}{\partial x} + 4\frac{\partial u}{\partial y} = (3^2 + 4^2) \frac{\partial u}{\partial \xi} = 25\frac{\partial u}{\partial \xi}$$ Thus $$u(\xi, \eta) = \frac{1}{25}\int f(\xi, \eta)\, d\xi + g(\eta)$$ for some smooth function $g$. Therefore $$u(x,y) = \frac{1}{5}\int_C f\, ds + g(4x - 3y)$$ where $\int_C f\, ds$ is the line integral of $f$ (with respect to arclength) over the characteristic segment from the $y$-axis to $(x,y)$.
 

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