Proving Division of Local Ring in Ring with Idempotents

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SUMMARY

The discussion establishes that if R is a ring with idempotent elements e and f=1-e, and R can be expressed as the direct sum R=eRe ⊕ fRf with no non-trivial nilpotent elements, then R_2, defined as fRf, is a division ring under specific conditions. It is proven that if R_1={0,e} and R_2 is local, then R_2 must be a division ring, leading to the conclusion that the only possible pairs for (e,f) are (1,0) or (0,1). The nilradical and Jacobson radical of R are shown to be zero, confirming that R/J(R) is a division ring.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of ring theory and the properties of idempotent elements.
  • Familiarity with local rings and division rings.
  • Knowledge of nilradicals and Jacobson radicals in ring theory.
  • Basic concepts of direct sums in algebra.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of idempotent elements in rings.
  • Learn about the structure and characteristics of local rings.
  • Explore the definitions and implications of nilradicals and Jacobson radicals.
  • Investigate the relationship between Artinian rings and division rings.
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Mathematicians, algebraists, and graduate students specializing in ring theory, particularly those interested in the properties of local and division rings.

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Let R be a ring . Suppose that e and f=1-e are two idempotent elements of R and we have R=eRe \oplus fRf (direct sum ) and R doesn't have any non-trivial nilpotent element . Set R_1=eRe and R_2=fRf . If R_1=\{0,e\} and R_2 is a local ring , then prove that R_2 is a division ring . (note that e and f are central idempotents and therefore fRf=fR )
 
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I.) ##ef=e(1-e)=e-e^2=e-e=0## and ##fe=(1-e)e=e-e^2=e-e=0##

II.) With ##R=\{\,0,e\,\}\oplus fRf## we have for elements ##p=frf## by (I) that ##ep=0=pe## and for elements ##p=e+frf## we get ##ep=e^2+efrf=e^2=e=(e+frf)e=pe##, hence ##e \in R## is central. But ##fr=(1-e)r=r-er=r-re=r(1-e)=rf## so ##f\in R## is also central. Thus ##R=\{\,0,e\,\}\oplus fR##.

III.) If ##f## is no unit in ##R_2## then ##1-f=e \in R_2## is a unit by locality. Now ##e\in R## is also a unit, but ##ef=0##. So ##f=0## and ##e=1##.
If ##f## is a unit, then by ##ef=0## we get ##e=0## and ##f=1##.
Thus the only possibilities are ##(e,f)\in\{\,(1,0)\, , \,(0,1)\,\}##.

IV.) If ##f=0##, then ##R=R_1\oplus R_2=\{\,0,1\,\}\oplus \{\,0\,\} = \mathbb{Z}_2## is a field, and ##R_2=\{\,0\,\}##. Hence we have ##f=1## and ##e=0##, i.e. ##R=R_1\oplus R_2=\{\,0\,\}\oplus R_2=R_2##.
The nilradical of ##R## is zero, so the intersection of all prime ideals of ##R## is zero.
The Jacobson radical ##J(R)##, the intersection of all maximal ideals of ##R##, is zero if ##R## is a division ring. For a local ring ##R## we have that ##R/J(R)## is a division ring. So all comes down to show that ##J(R)=\{\,0\,\}##.

However, as I see it, this needs additional information which we do not have, e.g. ##R## could be left-Artinian.
 

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