Sealing a 6 torr closed system vacuum

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on designing a two-chamber stainless steel vacuum system capable of achieving and maintaining a vacuum of 6 torr for at least one year. The chambers will utilize KF-25 connectors and Viton gaskets for sealing. An air conditioning service pump may not suffice for reaching 6 torr, and alternative methods such as heating water in the chamber to create vapor pressure are explored. Recommendations include using a butterfly valve with a low leak rate and employing vacuum welding techniques to mitigate out-gassing and virtual leaks.

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  • Understanding of vacuum systems and their components
  • Familiarity with KF-25 connectors and Viton gaskets
  • Knowledge of vacuum pump specifications and capabilities
  • Awareness of vacuum welding techniques and their benefits
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  • Research the specifications and performance of air conditioning service pumps for vacuum applications
  • Learn about vacuum butterfly valves and their installation in vacuum systems
  • Investigate vacuum welding techniques to prevent virtual leaks in vacuum chambers
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Engineers, vacuum system designers, and researchers involved in creating and maintaining vacuum environments, particularly in laboratory or industrial settings.

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I wish to design a two chamber stainless steel vacuum system where the two vacuum chambers are connected via a flexible tube with a valve. The system needs to be able to be pumped down to 6 torr and must be able to maintain that vacuum for at least a year without pumping. The size of the chambers are 2" x 4" x X 12" X 0.12" (Height, Width, Length, Wall Thickness) and 6" x 0.065" (Diameter, wall thickness). They will be connected with stainless steel tubing and KF-25 connectors with Viton gaskets.

Question:
I have an air conditioning service pump-- will that be able to bring the vacuum to 6 torr? Otherwise, would it be possible to create at least a 6 torr vacuum by heating (to the point of boiling) the vacuum chamber that contains water and then sealing the system? The condensing water vapor should create a powerful vacuum, correct?

If an vacuum pump must be used, what is a good way to seal off the system? I have a gate valve (with elastomer seals), but it has a couple of 1/4" threaded holes in it (currently fitted with teflon and stop plugs). My concern is that system will leak through the threaded holes. Is there a recommended way to seal threads to retain vacuum?
 
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You can check the leak rating for your valve with the manufacturer.

For example here is an ISO butterfly valve designed for vacuum systems:
http://www.pchemlabs.com/product.asp?pid=3572

"Butterfly Valves have the advantages of having a small footprint, being turned completely off to on in one 90 degree rotation of the handle, while offering a high gas throughput and conductance. These vacuum butterfly valves are designed to have a low leak rate, typically on the order of 1x10-9 std. cc/sec. Helium. These butterfly valves have a NW-25 vacuum flange for connection to the vacuum system, are manually operated, and made of stainless steal." Price: $345.

Your vacuum chamber will also "leak" from the interior walls (out-gassing), and from any "virtual leaks" in the welding ... "vacuum welding" is a technique which eliminates these virtual leaks:
http://www.vacuumlab.com/Articles/Understanding Virtual Leaks.pdf
 

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