Silver Compounds: Why AgCl is So Insoluble

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SUMMARY

Silver compounds, particularly silver chloride (AgCl), exhibit low solubility due to the stability of their ionic bonds and the unique properties of silver ions. While silver nitrate is highly soluble, most silver salts, including chlorides and sulfates, are not. This trend is consistent across various anions, where silver compounds generally remain insoluble compared to other cations. However, exceptions exist, such as silver(I) fluoride and silver perchlorate, which demonstrate higher solubility due to differing ionic interactions.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of ionic bonding and solubility principles
  • Familiarity with silver compounds and their chemical properties
  • Knowledge of anion-cation interactions in solubility
  • Basic grasp of coordination chemistry for soluble silver complexes
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the solubility rules for ionic compounds, focusing on silver salts
  • Study the properties and applications of silver(I) fluoride and silver perchlorate
  • Explore the factors affecting ionic bond stability in silver compounds
  • Investigate the chemistry of silver complexes with cyanide and ammonia
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Chemistry students, researchers in inorganic chemistry, and professionals working with silver compounds in industrial applications will benefit from this discussion.

Char. Limit
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Why are compounds of silver (AgCl, for example) so insoluble?
 
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Silver nitrate is quite soluble?
 
Yes, but silver nitrate is (close to) the only one. And if you check, just about anything nitrate is soluble. But silver isn't soluble where most other cations are. That is undeniable. Just look at silver chloride.

Sorry, but this is the only case on this forum so far where I am sure of my correctness. This and the concentration problem. A compound with silver, for the most part, is insoluble when the same anion with (almost) any other cation would be soluble.
 
Char. Limit said:
Yes, but silver nitrate is (close to) the only one. And if you check, just about anything nitrate is soluble. But silver isn't soluble where most other cations are. That is undeniable. Just look at silver chloride.

Sorry, but this is the only case on this forum so far where I am sure of my correctness. This and the concentration problem. A compound with silver, for the most part, is insoluble when the same anion with (almost) any other cation would be soluble.
Then why silver (I) fluoride is so much water soluble than most other fluorides (excepting those of alcaline metals)?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver(I)_fluoride

Why silver perchlorate is extremely water soluble?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver_perchlorate

Why silver complexes with cyanide or with ammonia are soluble?

I sincerely don't find a lot of sense in your question.
 
Last edited:
There are plenty of soluble Ag compounds. Silver is soluble as a sulfate, acetate, etc. In comparison to a Group IA metal, I suppose you would be right, it's fairly insoluble, but other than that it's really pretty normal.

To answer why some silver compounds are insoluble, it's same reason why any other compound would be insoluble. Look at the stability of the ionic bonds, relative atomic radii, charge of each ion, etc.
 

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