The universe is crowded with black holes

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around the hypothesis that black holes could constitute dark matter (DM) in the universe. Participants explore the implications of this idea, referencing observational evidence and theoretical models related to black holes and their potential role in the cosmic matter composition.

Discussion Character

  • Debate/contested
  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants question whether black holes can be considered dark matter, suggesting that the distribution of black holes would differ from current observations and that sufficient numbers would be necessary to account for the mass of observable matter.
  • Others propose that black holes, particularly intermediate mass black holes (IMBHs), could be a form of massive compact halo objects (MACHOs) and discuss the challenges in detecting them due to low number densities and the need for a specific initial mass function (IMF).
  • A participant references the gamma-ray background as a limiting factor for large black holes being viable DM candidates, noting that the expected microlensing events do not align with observations.
  • There is mention of the potential for gravitational wave astronomy to provide new insights into the existence of black holes and their role in the universe, particularly through the detection of black hole mergers.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the viability of black holes as dark matter candidates, with some supporting the idea while others challenge it based on observational evidence and theoretical constraints. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the role of black holes in the context of dark matter.

Contextual Notes

Limitations include the dependence on observational data regarding microlensing events and the gamma-ray background, as well as the unresolved nature of the initial mass function and its implications for black hole formation.

wolram
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I am not sure if this is true, if it is can these black holes be the dark matter we have been searching for.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/06/160622144930.htm

Date:
June 22, 2016
Source:
Rochester Institute of Technology
Summary:
Astronomers have presented one of the most complete models of matter in the universe and predict hundreds of massive black hole mergers each year observable with the second generation of gravitational wave detectors.
 
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BH's have been suggested as DM before, they would be a form of MACHO.

It is generally thought that not enough micro-lensing events have been observed to verify the existence of such objects. However there is a window of possible mass for IMBHs in which their larger masses would require a low enough number density so that detections becomes too infrequent.

Another problem would be to develop an IMF that would dump most mass in massive black holes rather than stars, but perhaps PopIII remnants may provide them.

Now we are in the epoch of gravitational wave astronomy perhaps the detection rate of BH mergers will show more such objects actually exist in which case we will have to think again!

Garth
 
wolram said:
I am not sure if this is true, if it is can these black holes be the dark matter we have been searching for.

As far as I know, no, they can't. The distribution would be different from what we currently observe, and you'd need enough black holes to account for several times the mass of observable matter. It should be easy to detect these black holes if there were so many, but we do not.
 
The gamma ray background excludess all but large black holes as DM candidates. See https://arxiv.org/abs/1604.05349 for discussion. Your cited article basically acknowledges this fact, but fails to account for the deficiency in microlensing events expected from a large population of massive black holes.
 
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