Topological manifolds with boundary of dimensions

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the mathematical problem of demonstrating that the product of two topological manifolds with boundaries, specifically $M$ and $N$ with dimensions $m$ and $n$, results in an $(m+n)$-manifold with boundary defined as $\partial M \times N \cup M \times \partial N$. This conclusion is derived from the properties of topological manifolds and their boundaries, confirming the relationship between the dimensions of the manifolds and their product. The problem remains unanswered, highlighting a gap in community engagement on this topic.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of topological manifolds
  • Knowledge of manifold boundaries
  • Familiarity with Cartesian products in topology
  • Basic concepts of dimension in topology
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of topological manifolds
  • Explore the concept of manifold boundaries in detail
  • Learn about Cartesian products of topological spaces
  • Investigate examples of $(m+n)$-manifolds with boundaries
USEFUL FOR

Mathematicians, students of topology, and anyone interested in advanced concepts of manifold theory will benefit from this discussion.

Euge
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Happy New Year, everyone! Here's this week's problem!

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If $M$ and $N$ are topological manifolds with boundary of dimensions $m$ and $n$, respectively, show that $M \times N$ is an $(m+n)$-manifold with boundary $\partial M \times N \cup M \times \partial N$.

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Remember to read the https://mathhelpboards.com/showthread.php?772-Problem-of-the-Week-%28POTW%29-Procedure-and-Guidelines to find out how to https://mathhelpboards.com/forms.php?do=form&fid=2!
 
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No one answered this week's problem. You can read my solution below.
Note $(x,y) \in \partial(M \times N)$ if and only if the relative homology $H_{m+n}(M\times N, M\times N \setminus \{(x,y)\}) = 0$. Since $M\times N \setminus \{(x,y)\} = (M\setminus \{x\}) \times N \cup M \times (N \setminus \{y\})$, the relative Künneth formula gives $$H_{m+n}(M\times N, M\times N \setminus \{(x,y)\}) \approx \bigoplus_{i + j = m + n} H_i(M,M\setminus \{x\}) \otimes H_j(N,N\setminus \{y\}) \approx H_m(M,M\setminus\{x\}) \otimes H_n(N,N\setminus\{y\})$$ Both $H_m(M,M\setminus\{x\})$ and $H_n(N,N\setminus\{y\})$ are zero or infinite cyclic, so the left-hand side is trivial if and only if $H_m(M,M\setminus\{x\}) = 0$ or $H_n(N,N\setminus \{y\}) = 0$, i.e., $(x,y)\in \partial M \times N \cup M\times \partial N$. Hence $\partial(M\times N) = \partial M \times N \cup M \times \partial N$.
 

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