Wave Equation Spherical Perturbations

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on demonstrating that the function u(r,t) = f(r-vt)/r is a solution to the tridimensional wave equation, specifically ∂²u/∂t² - c²∇²u = 0. The analysis reveals that the second time derivative of u is v²u'', while the Laplacian ∇²u is expressed as (1/r)(u'' + u/r² - 2u'/r). The wave equation holds true if the condition u''(v² - c²/r) + (2c²u')/r² - (uc²/r³) = 0 is satisfied. The discussion highlights potential errors in the setup of the problem, particularly regarding the expression for the Laplacian.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of the tridimensional wave equation
  • Familiarity with Laplacian operator in spherical coordinates
  • Knowledge of differential calculus, specifically second derivatives
  • Concept of spherical perturbations in wave mechanics
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of the Laplacian in spherical coordinates
  • Explore solutions to the tridimensional wave equation
  • Investigate properties of spherical waves and perturbations
  • Review the implications of velocity in wave propagation
USEFUL FOR

Students and researchers in physics, particularly those focusing on wave mechanics and differential equations, will benefit from this discussion.

fluidistic
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Homework Statement


Show that [tex]u(r,t)=\frac{f(r-vt)}{r}[/tex] is a solution to the tridimensional wave equation. Show that it corresponds to a spherical perturbation centered at the origin and going away from it with velocity v. Assume that f is twice differentiable.

Homework Equations



The wave equation: [tex]\frac{\partial ^2 u }{\partial t ^2}- c^2 \triangle u =0[/tex].

The Attempt at a Solution


I just used the wave equation and found out that [tex]\frac{\partial ^2 u}{\partial t^2} = v^2 u''[/tex].
While [tex]\triangle u =\frac{1}{r} \left [ u''+ \frac{u}{r^2} - \frac{2u'}{r} \right ][/tex].
So the wave equation is satisfied if [tex]u'' \left ( v^2-\frac{c^2}{r} \right ) + \frac{2 c^2 u'}{r^2} - \frac{u c^2}{r^3}=0[/tex].
It's likely wrong so either I set up badly the problem, either I set it up OK but made some errors.
 
Last edited:
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fluidistic said:
While [tex]\triangle u =\frac{1}{r} \left [ u''+ \frac{u}{r^2} - \frac{2u'}{r} \right ][/tex].
I think that's your problem. Where did you get this expression for the Laplacian?
 

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