Anti-bunching is a phenomenon observed in quantum mechanics where photons or particles tend to avoid each other instead of grouping together. It is studied because it has important implications in fields such as quantum computing and cryptography.
Anti-bunching is measured by using a technique called Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interferometry, where two photons are sent into a beam splitter and the probability of them being detected together is measured.
No, anti-bunching is a purely quantum phenomenon and cannot be observed in macroscopic systems. It is a result of the probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics.
Anti-bunching has potential applications in quantum information processing, such as creating entangled states and secure communication through quantum key distribution. It also has potential uses in high-resolution imaging and sensing.
Anti-bunching is related to other quantum effects such as entanglement and superposition, which are also essential in quantum computing and communication. It is also related to the concept of indistinguishability in quantum particles.