Undergrad What is the Significance of Isospin Components in Particle Physics?

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Isospin is a quantum number related to the strong interaction, reflecting the symmetry between different types of particles, particularly nucleons like protons and neutrons. Each isospin component corresponds to a specific state of a particle, influencing how particles interact under the strong force. Weak isospin, on the other hand, is associated with the weak nuclear force and plays a crucial role in processes like beta decay. Understanding these components helps clarify the behavior of particles in various interactions and contributes to the broader framework of particle physics. The relationship between isospin and strong interactions is essential for understanding particle classification and interactions.
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Over lots of studying on particle physics, i came across all kinds of different types of spins, like isospin, spin, weak isospin, and i even learned that there are 3 components for each isospin. Can someone tell me why we need these things and what is special about each component of weak isospin and isospin?
 
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Update: I just found out that isospin has some relation to 'strong interaction' (but i still don't know what isospin is) so maybe in your reply you could sort of explain that
 
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Thread 'Two equivalent statements of time reversal symmetric Hamiltonian'

Time reversal invariant Hamiltonians must satisfy ##[H,\Theta]=0## where ##\Theta## is time reversal operator. However, in some texts (for example see Many-body Quantum Theory in Condensed Matter Physics an introduction, HENRIK BRUUS and KARSTEN FLENSBERG, Corrected version: 14 January 2016, section 7.1.4) the time reversal invariant condition is introduced as ##H=H^*##. How these two conditions are identical?
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