What's left to see of the early Universe?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the exploration of the early Universe, particularly focusing on what can still be observed beyond the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) and the implications of current and future observational technologies. Participants consider the potential for discovering new phenomena related to the early Universe, including the "dark ages" and the role of various astronomical instruments.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants suggest that low frequency radio astronomy may still yield insights before reaching the 'opaque universe' boundary where light could not propagate.
  • Others propose that the James Webb Telescope and gravitational wave detectors like LIGO will enhance our ability to observe the early Universe and that discoveries will continue to emerge.
  • One participant highlights the "dark ages" of the Universe, characterized by cooling neutral hydrogen gas, and mentions efforts to probe this period using the hydrogen 21cm line with low frequency radio telescopes, citing projects like DARE and LOFAR.
  • Another participant raises the possibility of exploring the cosmic neutrino background and spectral lines from the epoch of cosmological hydrogen recombination as additional areas of interest.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express a range of views on what can still be observed in the early Universe, with no consensus on specific outcomes or the extent of future discoveries. Multiple competing ideas about the methods and phenomena to explore remain present.

Contextual Notes

Limitations include the dependence on the definitions of the 'opaque universe' boundary and the specific capabilities of current and future observational technologies. The discussion does not resolve the uncertainties surrounding the potential discoveries in the early Universe.

SimplePrimate
In the detection of Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation I understand there's still some low frequency radio astronomy left to do before hitting the 'opaque universe' boundary where/when light could not propagate. What, if anything, can we still hope see?
 
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The James Webb Telescope will allow us to see better up to the limit and Gravitational Wave detectors such as LIGO will let us look through it. We are looking to see as far back in time as we can. And I don't think we will run out of things to discover in any of our life times.
 
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I think what you are referring to is the following. There is a period after the emission of the CMB, and before the formation of the first stars, that is referred to as the "dark ages". During this time the universe was filled with cooling neutral hydrogen gas, with some helium as well. It is possible to probe this time by looking at the hydrogen 21cm line with low frequency radio telescopes. There are a number of efforts trying to do that, such as DARE, LOFAR, and others.

As to what we hope to see, ideally we can probe the density fluctuations of the universe as it expanded, and see if they agree with existing models.
 
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