When can seperation of variables be applied?

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SUMMARY

Separation of variables is applicable to partial differential equations (PDEs) primarily within square domains, specifically when the variables can be distinctly separated. The discussion clarifies that while more advanced techniques may be employed for efficiency, they often require multiple applications of superposition. Transformations can convert non-square domains into square domains, facilitating the separation of variables. This method is essential for solving PDEs effectively in defined boundaries.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of partial differential equations (PDEs)
  • Familiarity with boundary conditions and domains
  • Knowledge of variable transformation techniques
  • Basic principles of superposition in mathematical analysis
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the method of separation of variables in PDEs
  • Explore variable transformation techniques for non-square domains
  • Learn about boundary value problems and their applications
  • Investigate the superposition principle in the context of PDEs
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Mathematicians, physicists, and engineers dealing with partial differential equations, particularly those focused on solving problems within defined geometric domains.

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I have some confusion about when separation variables can be applied to a PDE. Can it be applied on any PDE that can separated for any domain? If so, is the use of more "powerful" techniques simply used to save effort? (As you might have to use superposition several times!)
 
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To my knowledge, it can be use in a square domain only(i.e. x1 in [a,b] and x2 in [c,d]).
Non-square domain is usually transformed into square domain by the change of variable, in order to separate the variables.
 

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