Why -e(v/c)H is the magnetic force?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the confusion regarding the expression for magnetic force, specifically the term ##-e \left ( v/c \right ) H_0##, found in a paper from the 1960s. Participants clarify that this expression likely arises from the use of the cgs system, where ##B## is defined as ##B=\frac{H_0}{c}##, contrasting with the SI units where ##\vec{B}=\mu_0 \vec{H}##. The Lorentz force equation is correctly stated as ##\vec{F}=q \left (\vec{E} + \frac{\vec{v}}{c} \times \vec{B} \right)##, emphasizing the need to use magnetic field ##B## instead of magnetic field strength ##H## in calculations. The discussion concludes that the terminology and unit systems used in older papers can lead to misunderstandings in modern contexts.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Lorentz force and its equations
  • Familiarity with electromagnetic field concepts, specifically magnetic fields (B) and magnetic field strength (H)
  • Knowledge of unit systems, particularly cgs and SI units
  • Basic grasp of electron charge and its implications in electromagnetic theory
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the differences between cgs and SI unit systems in electromagnetism
  • Learn about the relationship between magnetic field strength (H) and magnetic flux density (B)
  • Explore the historical context of electromagnetic theory in the 1960s
  • Investigate the implications of using different unit systems in scientific papers
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Physicists, electrical engineers, and students studying electromagnetism who seek to clarify the distinctions between magnetic field concepts and unit systems in historical contexts.

Haorong Wu
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In a paper I am reading, it reads, "For these orbits the electric force ##-e E_r## almost balances the magnetic force ##-e \left ( v/c \right ) H_0##." where ##-e## is the charge of the electrons, ##v## is the speed of the electrons, ##H_0## is a homogeneous magnetic field, and ##c## is not clearly indicated, but I guess it is the speed of light.

However, according to Lorentz force, ##F=-e v B= -e v \mu _0 H##. I do not see any ##c## or ##\epsilon_0##, so why the paper says ##-e \left ( v/c \right ) H_0## is the magnetic force?

Thanks.

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From the following content, it seems that ##B=\frac {H_0} c##, which I am not familiar with, so what is ##H_0##?
 
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The presence of c in the definition of magnetic force is probably due to the use of cgs instead of the the more familiar MKS system. That is the charge is measured in statcoulombs instead of coulombs
 
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It's ##\vec{B}##, not ##\vec{H}## which has to be used in the Lorentz force,
$$\vec{F}=q \left (\vec{E} + \frac{\vec{v}}{c} \times \vec{B} \right).$$
This is valid in Gaussian as well as Heaviside-Lorentz units.

In the SI the eq. reads
$$\vec{F}=Q (\vec{E} + \vec{v} \times \vec{B}).$$
There it's the more important to write correctly ##\vec{B}=\mu_0 \vec{H}## (in vacuo, with ##\mu_0## the permeability of the vacuum, which occurs in the SI as a conversion factor of units).
 
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vanhees71 said:
It's B not H which has to be used in the Lorentz force

Are you sure? Does not a charged particle in a region with B = 0 but M <> 0 deflect?
 
gleem said:
The presence of c in the definition of magnetic force is probably due to the use of cgs instead of the the more familiar MKS system. That is the charge is measured in statcoulombs instead of coulombs

Thanks, gleem. You are right. The author used cgs system which I am not familiar with and it is a paper in 1960s so H may mean B in that time.

And thanks to other friends.
 
Vanadium 50 said:
Are you sure? Does not a charged particle in a region with B = 0 but M <> 0 deflect?
How can ##\vec{B}=\vec{H}+\vec{M}=0## (Heaviside-Lorentz units)?
 
Good point.
 

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