What is the definition of distance between a point and a set of points?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the definition of distance between a point and a set of points, particularly in the context of real number space. Participants explore theoretical definitions and implications, including cases involving intervals and empty sets.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant suggests that the distance between two points in real numbers is defined as |x - y| and questions how to define distance between a point and a subset of R, such as an interval.
  • Another participant proposes a definition involving the infimum of distances from the point to elements in the set, noting that this captures the minimum distance concept but acknowledges that a minimum may not exist.
  • A later reply calculates the distance between a point and an interval, questioning whether the distance is simply the infimum of the distances to the endpoints.
  • One participant defines the distance from a point to a set as the greatest lower bound of all distances from the point to each element in the set, asserting that this is valid as long as the set is not empty.
  • There is a discussion about the distance to an empty set, with one participant stating that it is not defined.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants present multiple competing views on the definition of distance to a set, with some agreeing on the use of infimum and greatest lower bound concepts, while others raise questions about specific cases, such as the empty set.

Contextual Notes

There are limitations regarding the assumptions made about the sets involved, particularly concerning the existence of minimum distances and the treatment of empty sets.

kakarukeys
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:confused:

for simplicity, consider the real number space
the distance between two points x, y (two reals) is [tex]|x - y|[/tex]
Is there a definition of distance between a point x and a subset of R, such as an interval (a, b)?

If there isn't any, how would you define it, such that there are some meaningful constructions?
 
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Maybe the distance between a point and the locus {}
 
The standard definition of the distance between a point x and a set S is:

[tex]d(x,S)=\inf\lbrace d(x,y)\colon y\in S\rbrace[/tex]

where d is your distance function.

Basically, the distance between a point and a set is the minimum distance between the point and every element in the set. That's not completely correct, since there may not be a minimum (which is why we use "inf" and not "min"), but that's the basic idea.
 
according to the definition, the distance between 1 and (2,3) is the inf which is |1 - 2| = 1?
If the set is an empty set, what is the distance?
 
The DEFINITION of "the distance between the point p and the set of points A" is
"The greatest lower bound of all distances from p to each point in A"

That is guaranteed (by the greatest lower bound property) to exist as long as A is NOT EMPTY.

The distance from a point to the empty set is not defined.
 

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