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RayFox30
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How are the satellites that detect water vapor made? What goes into them that allow companies such as NOAA to create those water vapor images?
Satellites detect water vapor using special instruments called radiometers. These instruments measure the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere by detecting the microwave radiation emitted by water molecules.
A water vapor detecting satellite typically consists of a radiometer instrument, a microwave antenna, a communication system, and a power supply. The radiometer is the most important component as it is responsible for measuring water vapor levels.
Most satellites that detect water vapor are launched into space using rockets. These rockets carry the satellite into orbit around the Earth, where it can begin collecting data on water vapor levels in the atmosphere.
The lifespan of a water vapor detecting satellite can vary depending on its design and the conditions it is exposed to in space. On average, these satellites can last anywhere from 5-10 years before they need to be replaced or decommissioned.
Scientists use data from water vapor detecting satellites to track changes in water vapor levels over time and to study the effects of water vapor on weather patterns and climate. This data can also help with predicting and monitoring severe weather events such as hurricanes and droughts.