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The above is the problem statement a. I don't understand this question, i am assuming the switch opens and closes and based on that i have to analyze the circuit and find the voltages and currents in the circuit. b. When the switch is closed then the zener diode is reverse biased When the...

The application is in a commercial vehicle where many ECUs are connected and in case the vehicle is break down, the first thing is to ensure that 12V is coming to all the ECUs, so open each ECU connector identify the pins where 12V shall come, then insert the detection circuit with 2 wires...

When i thought of comparing with 12V then i got the idea of op-amp, there is no particular reason to use op amp. What range? What precision? I only want to check if 12V available or not, there is no particular requirement of precision. I want to turn on LED if 12V is available and OFF if 12V...

Yes i will have different circuits, this is basically for field support in the vehicles under break down to get an idea if voltage is in the expected range for persons without technical background.

I actually mean to put an LED in place of Diode i took wrong part number from LTSpice. I never intended to put a diode.

To detect CAN-H and CAN-L is properly communicating i need to verify if the CAN-H line at 3.5V and CAN-L line at 1V. I will use the below 2 circuits will it be ok? For D2 the forward voltage drop i will select as 0.7V.

Can i use the below circuit with 10K resistor (for low current consumption) and when 12V is available the LED will be ON.

When simulating i observed that i cannot use the same 12V supply, i have updated as another 12V supply which is the actual signal. I get output as 10.8V.

I want to detect the 12V supply using the LM358 opamp, the schematic is as below and i also want to drive the LED. I have attached the asc file. As of randomly i have selected 3V for 12V detection. Similar circuit i want to use for detecting the CAN signals, the CAN_H voltage is 3.5V and...

TL;DR Summary: A current pulse of amplitude I is applied to a parallel RC combination, plot to scale waveforms of the current ic for the cases a.tp < RC b. tp = RC c. tp > RC Are the calculations and waveforms correct?

I have lot of questions to understand and i do not want to start new threads, but related to the first question which i have to solve.

But if i see the below website he gave an example for Capacitor Capacitor should i not follow the same for inductor?

I am not sure why my results are not matching with circuit in post3 For t=2ms i used the below equation But the answer does not match at t=2ms it is around 2.4A. I am really confused not able to solve basic circuits.

It is 50Hz and pwm frequency is 20khz. First step is only to change current in the inductor as a sinusoid by making the pwm duty changes.

My idea is i want to generate a sine output current across inductor by varying the PWM duty. I want to simulate the same in LTspice. I am trying it.