My apologizes, it's is actually cos^2(ϕ). Edited
So i would consider using the power reduction to get (1+cos(2ϕ))/2. I can use exponential formula for cos, so now my terms \frac{b}{4}e-2iϕ+ \frac{b}{4}z+\frac{b}{2}+a=0. Not sure where I can go from here to find the poles, I can rearrange to get...