Is a Single Proton Truly Stable or Do Theories Predict Its Decay?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the stability of the proton, particularly in relation to the hydrogen atom. While the standard model of particle physics posits that protons are stable, various Grand Unified Theories (GUTs) propose the possibility of proton decay. Models such as SU(5) and SO(10) have been experimentally ruled out due to their predicted proton lifetimes, but other GUTs remain viable. The uncertainty surrounding proton stability continues to be a significant topic in particle physics research.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of the Standard Model of particle physics
  • Familiarity with Grand Unified Theories (GUTs)
  • Knowledge of particle decay and lifetime measurements
  • Basic concepts of hydrogen atom structure
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the implications of proton decay in various Grand Unified Theories
  • Study experimental methods for measuring proton lifetime
  • Explore alternative models of particle physics beyond the Standard Model
  • Investigate the role of symmetry in particle physics, particularly in GUTs
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Physicists, researchers in particle physics, and students interested in the fundamental properties of matter and theories of particle stability.

daumphys
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We know hydrogen atom is stable. Then, single proton is stable? Can we store it for a long time without decay?
Do we have any related equation about particle stability?
 
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It is currently unknown whether a proton is stable or not. We have never observed one to decay, but it could be either case.
 
In the standard model the proton is stable, but there are various GUT proposals which predict proton decay. Simple models like SU(5) and SO(10) have been ruled out experimentally b/c of the measured minimum proton lifetime; other's are still allowed.
 

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