Dimensional analysis universal gravitation

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on determining the SI units of the gravitational constant G in Newton's law of universal gravitation, expressed as F = GMm/r². The user seeks clarification on the calculation steps leading to the conclusion that G equals m³/(kg·s²). The conversation emphasizes the importance of unit consistency, where the left-hand side (force) must equal the right-hand side (derived units). The user also inquires about using LaTeX for mathematical notation.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Newton's law of universal gravitation
  • Familiarity with SI units, specifically Newtons (N), kilograms (kg), and seconds (s)
  • Basic algebra skills for unit manipulation
  • Knowledge of LaTeX for formatting mathematical expressions
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of units in physics, focusing on dimensional analysis
  • Learn about the significance of the gravitational constant G in physics
  • Explore advanced applications of Newton's law of universal gravitation in astrophysics
  • Practice using LaTeX for mathematical typesetting in scientific documents
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Students studying physics, educators teaching gravitational concepts, and anyone interested in mastering dimensional analysis and unit conversions in scientific equations.

suetonius
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Firstly, I admit that my math skills are fairly rusty. I also admit that this is a homework problem. It is not to be turned in for a grade however.
The problem is to determine the SI units of G in the following equation:

F = GMm/r^2

(where F is force (mass * acceleration), M and m are the masses of two objects, and r is a distance)
which is, of course, Newton's law of universal gravitation.
I would be greatly appreciative if someone could walk through the steps needed to make this determination.
 
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Work it out for G:

F = G\frac{{m_1 \cdot m_2 }}{{r^2 }} \Leftrightarrow G = \frac{{F \cdot r^2 }}{{m_1 \cdot m_2 }}

I suppose you now the units of the RHS, LHS has to be equal :smile:
 
Thanks for that. The answer in the back of the book is quite different, however. It is given as m^3/kg*s^2. I'm working on it. Do you think you could go into more detail? Again, my skills are a little rusty. Also, how'd you get the math font into your message?
 
I just worked it out for G. Now you have to replace the right hand side by all their units and simplify to find the unit of G.
 
1N = kg \frac {m}{s^2}
for font (LaTex) read first threads in General Physics forum :smile:

edit: where 1N is unit of force.
 

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