A Force and Potential-Energy Problem

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the relationship between conservative forces and potential energy, specifically addressing the misconception that a zero force implies zero potential energy. The equation Fx(x) = dU(x)/dx = 0 indicates that while the force may be zero, the potential energy U can still possess a non-zero value. An example provided is a ball at the top of a hill, where the force acting on the ball is zero, yet it retains potential energy due to its height.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of conservative forces in physics
  • Familiarity with potential energy concepts
  • Basic knowledge of calculus, specifically derivatives
  • Experience with energy conservation principles
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  • Study the implications of conservative forces in classical mechanics
  • Explore the mathematical derivation of potential energy from force equations
  • Investigate real-world examples of potential energy in static equilibrium
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student34
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Homework Statement



My book says that just because a conservative force is zero with respect to x, doesn't necessarily mean that the potential-energy U has to be zero.

How can it be possible to have potential energy without a force acting towards the equilibrium?

Homework Equations



Fx(x) = dU(x)/dx = 0

The Attempt at a Solution



Fx(x)*Δx = -U, so 0*Δx = 0
 
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As your DEs show, it only implies that the change in PE is vanishingly small for small changes in x. Consider e.g. a ball sitting on the top of a hill.
 

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