About the isomorphism of 2 infinite-dimensional vector spaces

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around finding a vector space V and specific decompositions of V into subspaces A, B, C, and D, such that A is isomorphic to C, while B and D are not isomorphic. The context includes theoretical exploration of infinite-dimensional vector spaces and their properties.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • The original poster (OP) proposes that for a vector space V, the dimensions must satisfy dim(V) = dim(A) + dim(B) = dim(C) + dim(D), with dim(A) = dim(C) and dim(B) ≠ dim(D), but seeks a concrete example of such a vector space.
  • One participant suggests that V could be the set of all infinite ordered-tuples of real numbers with only finitely many nonzero entries, proposing a basis B = {e1, e2, ...} and subspaces N1 = {e1} and N2 = {e1, e2}, arguing that is not isomorphic to due to differing dimensions.
  • Another participant clarifies that the OP is likely looking for internal sums decompositions and proposes specific subspaces: A = , B = , C = , and D = .

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants present different approaches and examples to satisfy the OP's requirements, indicating a lack of consensus on a single solution or example. The discussion remains open with multiple competing views on how to construct the vector space and its decompositions.

Contextual Notes

Participants express uncertainty regarding the specific properties of the proposed vector spaces and the implications of their dimensions, particularly in the context of infinite-dimensional spaces.

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Notations:
V denotes a vector space
A, B, C, D denote subspaces of V respectively
≈ denotes the isomorphic relationship of the left and right operand
dim(?) denotes the dimension of "?"

Question:
Find a vector space V and decompositions:
V = A ⊕ B = C ⊕ D
with A≈C but B and D are not isomorphic.

My opinion:
dim(V)=dim(A)+dim(B)=dim(C)+dim(D) and dim(A)=dim(C), but dim(B)≠dim(D) since V may not be finite-dimensional. It's an idea not an example, would you make a concrete example of V?

Thanks for any help!
 
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(Let ~ denote isomorphism, + a direct sum, and <S> the span of the set S. Sorry, but Latex seems to be out of commission.)

I think this works:

Let V be the set of all infinite ordered-tuples of real numbers with only finitely many nonzero entries, i.e., the set of all infinite sequences that eventually terminate, such as {3,2,1,0,0,...}. Let ei denote the sequence with a 1 in the ith place and zeros elsewhere. Then B = {e1,e2,...} is a basis for V over R. Let N1 = {e1} and N2 = {e1,e2}. Then V ~ V + <N1> ~ V + <N2> (I think). Clearly, <N1> is not isomorphic to <N2>, since their dimensions differ.
 
VKint, I think the OP is looking for internal sums decompositions V = A ⊕ B = C ⊕ D.

But I think this slight variation on your idea works: take A:=<e_2,e_3,...>, B:=<e_1>, C:= <e_3,e_4,...>, D:=<e_1,e_2>.
 
VKint,quasar987

Thanks!
 

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