Acceleration Problem: Need Help Solving!

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The discussion revolves around a problem related to acceleration, specifically focusing on correctly assigning letters to pictures in a given problem set. The user confirms that their answers for pictures 1 and 2 are correct, but they are struggling with pictures 3, 4, and 5. They request assistance in resolving these inaccuracies. The user also provides a conceptual hint, suggesting that the sponge should be considered as a spring supported by a solid, immovable material. Help is sought to clarify the correct assignments for the remaining images.
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Hello I have a link to the problem #2. The directions are shown by letter and I had to assign the letters to the pictures below. I am wrong.. can someone help me please?

http://i.imgur.com/lqEZFfl.jpg
 
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1 and 2 is correct, but not 3,4 and 5.
Think of the sponge as a spring (backed by a solid material that does not move or give).
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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