High School Antimatter Creation: Michio Kaku's High School Experiment

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Michio Kaku created antimatter as a high school student by using Sodium-22, which undergoes beta+ decay to emit positrons. He built a cloud chamber and a betatron in his garage to visualize the positrons' tracks, although direct photography of positrons is not possible. The discussion highlights concerns about modern safety regulations in schools that limit students' access to radioactive materials for experiments. Kaku reportedly obtained Sodium-22 from a local nuclear research company, raising questions about how current students could replicate such experiments. Overall, the conversation emphasizes the challenges of conducting advanced scientific experiments in today's educational environment.
ISamson
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Hello,
I have read that Michio Kaku has made antimatter and photographed it when he was only a high schooler. I have read that the used Sodium-22 to produce positrons. How does that happen? I could not find some good sources of answers...
Thanks.
 
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Ivan Samsonov said:
I have read
Where? It is hard to tell what exactly the source said without seeing the source.

Sodium-22 undergoes beta+ decay, which means it emits positrons. You don't have to do anything, you just have to find a way to get enough sodium-22. You cannot really photograph these positrons, directly, but you can let them produce tracks in detectors (e. g. cloud chambers) and take a picture of these tracks.
 
Indeed, the most interesting question is, where I high schooler could get sodium-22? Nowadays the safety guidelines at high schools even under supervision of a teacher are such that it is almost impossible for the students to make interesting experiments (at least in Germany). I cannot imagine that it is allowed to handle even harmless portions of any radioactive material...:frown:
 
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LOL:biggrin:. When was this?
 
Born 1947, so around 1965 I guess.
 
vanhees71 said:
Indeed, the most interesting question is, where I high schooler could get sodium-22? Nowadays the safety guidelines at high schools even under supervision of a teacher are such that it is almost impossible for the students to make interesting experiments (at least in Germany). I cannot imagine that it is allowed to handle even harmless portions of any radioactive material...:frown:

He said he went to a local nuclear research company...
 

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