Astronomic gravitation problems

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on solving three distinct problems related to gravitational physics and orbital mechanics. The first problem involves calculating the orbital period of the International Space Station, which travels at 9,000 m/s. The second problem addresses the altitude required for a communications satellite to maintain a geostationary position above Mars, considering a Martian day of 1.03 Earth days. The third problem explores the Lagrange Point between the Sun and Jupiter, specifically identifying the location of the Trojan Asteroids at the L4/L5 points.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of gravitational force equations, specifically F = mv²/r and F = GMm/r²
  • Knowledge of orbital mechanics, including concepts of orbital velocity and period
  • Familiarity with Lagrange Points and their significance in celestial mechanics
  • Basic conversion skills between metric and imperial units (e.g., meters to miles)
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation and application of Kepler's laws of planetary motion
  • Learn about the calculation of orbital periods using the formula T = 2π√(R³/GM)
  • Research the properties and significance of Lagrange Points in multi-body systems
  • Explore the mechanics of geostationary satellites and their positioning above planetary bodies
USEFUL FOR

Astronomy students, astrophysicists, aerospace engineers, and anyone interested in orbital mechanics and gravitational physics will benefit from this discussion.

philadelphia
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1. If the INternational space station has an orbital velocity of 9,000 m/s. find the time (in minutes) it takes to make one complete orbit.

Relevant equations
F = mv2/ R = m4[pi]2R / T2

The attempt at a solution
Is this the way to solve for T?
Do I use Earth mass and Earth R b/c that all the question says?


2. A martian day is 1.03 Earth days. At what altitude above Mars should a communications satelite be placed such that it always stay over the same spot above the surface of Mars (answer in units of miles. 1000m = 0.62 miles

Relevant equations
F = ma = m4[pi]2R / T2
a= GM/R2

The attempt at a solution
I know how to solve the problem but what kinda threw me off are the martian days given...
Is T 354.36 days that is 365/1.03
If it is, can i find "a" after the "m" cancel, than solve for R which is (mar's radius + Mars altitude)


3. find the lagrange Point between the sun and Jupiter. In between what two planets will you find this point?

Jupiter:
mass: 1.9x1027 kg

Sun:
mass: 1.99x1030

distance betwwen sun and Jupiter: 778x106 km

Relevant equations
Im really not sure what is lagrange point equation, is it... GMsunmjupiter/ r
r is the distance of Jupiter- sun ?
 
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You have the velocity and and hence you have

mv²/r = Gravitational force = GMm/r²

This yields v² = GM/r

What you don't know from that equation is r. But you want to calculate it, because v/r = ω

and ω = 2πf = 2π/T or

T = 2π/ω = 2πr/v
 

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