Binding Energy: Why Does Deuterium Have 1 MeV?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the binding energy of deuterium and its comparison to the potential energy of nucleons. Participants explore the relationship between binding energy and potential energy, particularly questioning why the binding energy of deuterium is approximately 1 MeV while the potential energy graph indicates a minima at 100 MeV.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant notes that the binding energy of deuterium is close to 1 MeV, questioning why this does not align with the minima of the potential energy graph at 100 MeV.
  • Another participant suggests that the binding energy of nucleons depends on the type of nucleons involved, indicating that for a bound state, the energy must be less than zero.
  • A participant provides a graph to illustrate the potential energy of nucleons, suggesting that nucleons prefer to exist within a certain radius rather than being too far apart or collapsing into each other.
  • One participant argues that binding energies do not need to match the minima of potential energy, using the hydrogen atom as an example where the electron's binding energy is significantly lower than the potential energy minimum.
  • Another participant explains that the minimum potential energy serves as a lower bound for binding energy and that real nucleons behave according to a wave function solution of the Schrödinger equation, which may not approach the potential minima.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the relationship between binding energy and potential energy, with no consensus reached on whether these values should align or how they relate to nucleon behavior.

Contextual Notes

Participants highlight the complexity of binding energy calculations, including the dependence on nucleon types and the implications of quantum mechanical behavior, without resolving the underlying assumptions or mathematical details.

VishalChauhan
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The graph of potential energy of two nucleons shows a minima at 100 MeV,but the binding energy of a deuterium nucleus is close to just 1 MeV.

Since binding energy is the energy required to rip apart the nucleus ,hypothetically,should the two values not be same?
 
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Can you show the graph?
In general the binding energy of two nucleons depends on the nucleon type (eg nn and pp are not possible)... For having a bound state you need E<0.
 
Please see the attachment.
 

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I guess that this graph wants to describe the fact that the nucleons will prefer existing within the nuclei radius, rather than going too far away or falling on each other
 
VishalChauhan said:
Since binding energy is the energy required to rip apart the nucleus ,hypothetically,should the two values not be same?

No, they don't have to be the same. Look at the hydrogen atom, for instance. The electron's binding energy is 13.6 eV while the minimum energy of the coulomb potential is -∞.
 
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The minimum potential is just a lower bound for the binding energy - and you would need particles of "infinite" mass to approach this value. The real nucleons will form some (3-dimensional) wave-function similar to the electron, and have an energy corresponding to a solution of the Schrödinger equation (ignoring relativistic effects).
 

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